A Comparative Study On The Emergency Management Of SARS And COVID-19 By The Chinese Government

In 2003,a severe acute respiratory syndrome called "SARS" swept across the country.Seventeen years later,a new type of coronavirus pneumonia broke out in China,becoming the fastest spread and the widest spread since the founding of the People’s Republic of China.A major public health event that is the most difficult to prevent and control.These two major public health emergencies are both a review and test of the government’s governance level,especially the emergency management capability.The SARS epidemic in 2003 was finally controlled under strong government leadership and health intervention.Although COVID-19 has not completely ended in various parts of the world,it is undeniable that the health emergency work of the Chinese government has been achieved a certain result.So,what changes have taken place in the emergency management of the Chinese government in the two major public health incidents after a lapse of 16 years? Which areas still need to be further improved? The answers to these questions have important practical significance for further improving our country’s emergency management system and systems.In view of this,this article searches the literature using keywords such as " COVID-19","SARS ","government emergency management" and other keywords in the Chinese Journal Full-text Database(CNKI),VIP Database(VIP),Wanfang Database,EMBASE etc.To collect the emergency management measures taken by China’s politics in response to the two major public health incidents of SARS and COVID-19,and use the Pest analysis method to analyze the macro environment of the two incidents from the four perspectives of politics,economy,society,and technology,and then a comparative analysis of the Chinese government’s emergency management measures,emergency management command system,emergency management response speed,emergency management judicial supervision,and emergency management social linkage in response to the two public health incidents of SARS and COVID-19,objectively analyzes the Chinese government.The experience and shortcomings of emergency management in the two incidents provided suggestions for further improving the emergency management capabilities of the Chinese government in public health emergencies.The study found that the Chinese government’s emergency management of the COVID-19 has accumulated valuable experience on the basis of the 2003 SARS epidemic: for sudden public health problems,we must always adhere to a vertical management emergency command system and must maintain rapid and sensitive the emergency response mechanism must form an interactive pattern of linkage and sharing at home and abroad,and effective social and psychological assistance must be carried out.However,there are still problems such as insensitive emergency management and early warning system,incomplete emergency management laws and regulations,insufficient government financial investment and lack of long-term mechanisms,and emergency management judicial supervision needs to be strengthened.Based on this,this research focuses on strengthening the construction of emergency management legal system and improving six aspects,including the construction of an emergency management command system,the establishment of a sensitive crisis response mechanism,the increase of financial investment,the implementation of social psychological assistance,and the strengthening of international cooperation,put forward suggestions for further improving the emergency management capabilities of the Chinese government.