Research On The Character Teaching To The Foreigners From The Perspective Of Cognitive Psychology

As a written symbol for recording Chinese,Chinese characters are an important part of the Chinese system and an indispensable part in the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.It is a necessary tool for foreign students to study,live and understand Chinese culture in China.It is also an important part of Chinese culture and the thinking crystallization of ancient sages.Unlike alphabetic writing,spelling language through transcription to record the meaning,so basic unit is word.Chinese characters can be used as independent units to complete the output of sound,pattern and meaning.Therefore,the teaching of foreign Chinese characters must follow the cognitive pattern of Chinese characters and conform to the common cognitive habits of human beings.Experiments in cognitive psychology have shown that the time it takes to produce the overall representation is often shorter than the time it takes to produce the local representation,that is to say,in human visual processing,the overall representation is more dominant than the local representation.Through further research and development,there are also overall advantages in the processing of mental representations similar to visual perception.The author thinks that in the process of Chinese character processing,the same advantage still exists.And based on this as the basis of a systematic analysis,then the author points out that the teaching process of Chinese character teaching needs to recognize that the whole input is the Chinese characters,not the word or the components.We say that any kind of conforming system has its component and the represented component.Chinese characters are recorded by sounds and meanings,and can be recorded by written forms.In the "word-based" teaching method,the written form is constantly strengthened,so the teaching process of Chinese characters itself is incomplete and is lacking of meaningful teaching.The existence of the word must be on the premise of the existence of the word,which is negated from the integrity of the word itself.Therefore,it cuts off the internal generation system of the Chinese system by the word group,which will inevitably reduce the teaching effect.In the component-centered teaching environment,it is difficult for students to distinguish the relationship between Chinese characters and components,which will also disrupt their cognitive process.In addition,due to the long period of formation of the formation consciousness of Chinese characters,and the need to take a large number of Chinese character recognition as the basis,and the complex structure and function of components themselves,it is impossible for learners to learn Chinese characters based on the shape,sound and meaning of components.Based on this,the author puts forward the teaching concept that " Language is separated from writing" in the teaching process and " Language and Chinese characters merge " in the teaching results.In the teaching setting,the text class and the language class are separated and taught independently.In the process,word is used as the conversion,and the two processes are complementary.Finally,at the end of the semester,the process of combining speech and text is completed.As an innovation,the author resolved the embarrassing situation that either they are in charge of their own affairs,mutually restrain each other,or they are one advocate and one auxiliary,but the auxiliary is often neglected,which leads to the great discount of teaching.