Strategies Of Carbon Tax And Carbon Trading From The Perspective Of Overcapacity

In recent years,carbon dioxide emission has an increasingly serious impact on nature and society,which makes carbon emission gradually become one of the focus issues of the world.In order to reduce the atmospheric pollution caused by carbon emissions,many countries adopt environmental policies to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases.Carbon tax policy and cap-and-trade policy are widely adopted.However,those carbon-intensive firms are not only under the pressure of environmental policies,but also may have the problem of excess capacity,which will affect the optimal production and operation decisions of firms and the policy adjustment of the government.Under the background of environmental policies,we focused on the influence of excess capacity and environmental policies on government and firms.We established four dynamic game models between government and firms under four policies,respectively.Then we derived the impact of environmental policies on the decisions of government and firms considering the influence of excess capacity,which could provide a new perspective for the government to formulate and adjust policies and a new theoretical basis for the production decisions of firms.The work of this thesis is mainly divided into the following three aspects:Initially,considering the influence of excess capacity,we established four dynamic game models between government and firms under four policies,including no-environmental policies,carbon tax policy,cap-and-trade policy and the combination of cap-and-trade policy and carbon tax policy,respectively.Then we derive the equilibrium decisions for government and firms,which could provide a theoretical basis for the decision of government and firms considering the influence of excess capacity under the environmental policies.Secondly,we analyzed the equilibrium results under different policies and explored the influence of government decision variables on the equilibrium results.The results show that firms still choose excess capacity under environmental policies.When the government adopts carbon tax policy,the higher the carbon tax rate,the more obvious the effect on alleviating excess capacity and the greater the effect on curbing carbon emissions.When the government adopts carbon trading policy,the smaller the cap of carbon emissions per unit of production quantity allocated to enterprises,the more significant the inhibition effect on overcapacity and carbon emissions will be.Finally,we conducted numerical simulation through MATLAB,which more intuitively reflected the influence of the emission reduction technology of firms and the degree of carbon damage to the environment as well as the initial carbon emissions per unit of production quantity on the equilibrium results under different environmental policies.