| Ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin are currently a major challenge for China’s economic and social development.As an environmentally friendly industry and a strategic pillar industry in our national economy,the green development of tourism is of great significance to the realization of the construction goals of the Yellow River Basin.And tourism eco-efficiency is an important indicator to measure the green and high-quality development of tourism.Exploring the spatio-temproal characteristics and influencing factors of the tourism eco-efficiency of prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin is of great significance to promoting the green and high-quality development of tourism in the Yellow River Basin,and is also a powerful support to the national economic development goal of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.On the basis of systematically sorting out related concepts and taking into account the access ability of data,this research constructs an indicator system for measuring tourism eco-efficiency from the perspective of labor and factor input,and discusses the possible influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin theoretically,then puts forward hypotheses that need to be empirically tested.The research adopts the Super-SBM DEA model considering undesired output for measuring the tourism eco-efficiency of 57 prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2008 to 2018.Then this research explores their regional differences through the mean square error index.And it uses methods such as spatial autocorrelation analysis,cold and hot spot analysis,center of gravity and standard deviation ellipse analysis to explore its spatial distribution characteristics and spatio-temproal evolution path.Then this research uses panel Tobit regression analysis to quantitatively express the influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency from the overall perspective and the regional perspective.The results show that:(1)from 2008 to 2018,the tourism eco-efficiency of prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin showed a fluctuating upward trend.Its average value increased from 0.868 in 2008 to 0.947 in 2018,an increase of about 9.10%,and the overall distribution trend was "high in the east and low in the west";(2)from 2008 to 2018,the regional differences in the tourism eco-efficiency of prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin showed a trend of shrinking fluctuations.The differences were mainly due to internal differences in the upper,middle and lower reaches.And upstream is the main one among the three reaches.This is mainly due to the low level of tourism eco-efficiency in Yinchuan City,which is lower than other prefecture-level cities in upstream;(3)from 2008 to 2018,the tourism eco-efficiency of prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin showed a weak spatial agglomeration trend,and the degree of agglomeration gradually decreased over time;from the perspective of local agglomeration,from 2008 to 2018,the number of hotspots and sub-hotspots for tourism eco-efficiency in prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin increased,while cold and sub-cold spots decreased,showing a "three-core parallelism" overall situation.The cold spot area and the sub-cold spot area are relatively concentrated in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River Basin;(4)from 2008 to 2018,the center of gravity of tourism eco-efficiency of prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin was concentrated in the northern part of Linfen City,the overall performance is the trend of migration to the northwest.The directionality of the spatial distribution of tourism eco-efficiency also shows a slight decrease,and the overall performance is a "northwest-southeast" direction distribution;(5)the influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency of prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2008 to 2018 have strong regional heterogeneity characteristics.As far as the whole river basin is concerned,the tourism eco-efficiency of is mainly driven by the positive promotion of technological innovation and the structure of the tourism industry,while the level of regional economic development has a negative impact.From different regional perspectives,the tourism eco-efficiency in upstream is mainly driven by the positive promotion of technological innovation capabilities,the tourism eco-efficiency in middle reaches are mainly driven by the positive promotion of the level of urbanization,and the tourism eco-efficiency in downstream is mainly driven by the negative inhibition of the regional economy and the positive growth of the tourism industry structure.Based on the results,this research puts forward the following recommendations to promote the tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin and help the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin:(1)transform the regional tourism development model and establish a new fulcrum for the development of eco-tourism;(2)break down administrative barriers and strengthen the integrated construction of ecotourism development of the Yellow River Basin;(3)promote the regional economic greening process and help the high-quality development of tourism in the Yellow River Basin;(4)establish differentiated regional tourism ecological development strategies;(5)strengthen the government’s macro-control role and promote the transformation of development concepts. |
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