Analysis Of Carbon Emission Efficiency And Its Influencing Factors In Cities In The Yellow River Basi

The severe global climate change situation has made countries around the world pay more and more attention to environmental issues.China’s numerous policies to address climate change and the important speeches made by General Secretary Xi Jinping at various climate summits demonstrate China’s determination to control and address the problem of climate change caused by excessive CO2 emissions.As an energy-rich region in China,the economic development of the Yellow River Basin will inevitably be accompanied by a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions.In addition,the Yellow River Basin,which covers nine provinces,means that it not only contributes significantly to the country’s economic development,but also has an important mission to protect the environment and reduce carbon emissions.To achieve ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin,reducing carbon dioxide emissions and improving carbon emission efficiency are the important ways.Firstly,this paper summarizes the researches of carbon emissions and carbon emission efficiency by domestic and foreign scholars and expounds the relevant theories.Secondly,the carbon emissions of cities from 2007 to 2020 were measured,and the changes in carbon emissions,per capita carbon emissions and carbon emissions intensity were analyzed.Additionally,this paper uses Undesirable Super-SBM to calculate the carbon emission efficiency of 98 cities from 2007 to2020,uses kernel density estimation and natural breakpoint method to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution and spatial distribution differences of carbon emission efficiency,and uses the GML index method to evaluate the dynamic carbon emission efficiency and the internal drivers of carbon emission efficiency changes.Then,based on the spatial perspective,the spatial Dubin model is used to study the direct and indirect effects of the influencing factors of urban carbon emission efficiency.Finally,this paper provides policy suggestions for improving carbon emission efficiency and promoting low-carbon development in the Yellow River Basin.The main conclusions drawn are:(1)The total carbon emissions of the Yellow River Basin showed a downward growth rate and a convergence trend overall.Per capita carbon emissions in the Yellow River Basin as a whole and in most cities are growing at a slower rate than total carbon emissions.In addition,most cities have negative annual growth rates in carbon emission intensity.(2)In terms of static carbon emission efficiency,in 2007-2020,the overall carbon emission efficiency and in the middle and lower reaches showed a small rise.The carbon emission efficiency of the upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin has increased distinctly.The carbon emission efficiency of different cities is different and polar.The carbon emission efficiency of cities in the Yellow River Basin fluctuates in the process of economic development.In terms of dynamic carbon emission efficiency,from 2008 to 2020,the overall carbon emission efficiency of the Yellow River Basin has improved slightly,and the carbon emission efficiency of the upstream,midstream and downstream has improved.The average annual carbon emission efficiency GML index of 98 cities is low and varies between cities.Technological efficiency is a factor to improve mainly carbon emission efficiency in various regions of the Yellow River Basin,and the main internal drivers of changes in carbon efficiency vary from city to city.(3)The effect of economic development level on the carbon emission efficiency of the cities and neighboring cities is on the left side of the "Ushaped" curve inflection point and the left side of the "inverted U-shaped" curve inflection point,respectively.The spatial effect of industrial structure upgrading is significantly positive.The direct effect and total effect of the level of opening up are significantly negative.The spatial effect of population density is significantly negative.The direct and total effects of the level of technological development are significantly negative.The direct effect of energy intensity is significantly negative,and the indirect effect is significantly positive.And regional heterogeneity shows that there are differences in the direction and degree of influence of regional and overall influences on the respective carbon emission efficiency in the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin.And regional heterogeneity shows that there are differences in the direction and degree of influence of regional and overall influences on the respective carbon emission efficiency in the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin.Based on the above findings,this paper proposes recommendations for improving the efficiency of carbon emissions and promoting lowcarbon and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin by implementing carbon-reducing technology transformation and upgrading;stimulating the environmental value of the economy;promoting industrial structure layout adjustment;promoting low-carbon transformation of energy consumption;controlling carbon spillover effects;and reasonably allocating scientific and educational inputs.