Research On The Impact Of FDI And Human Capital On China’s Green Total Factor Productivity

The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee put forward green development,which established the main green color for the "13th Five-Year Plan".With the further emphasis on the new goal of ecological civilization construction,green has become the background color of the "14th Five-Year Plan",therefore,to promote high-quality development,we must take green as the core and improve the level of green total factor productivity(GTFP).As one of the key forces for rapid development,FDI may,on the one hand,cause environmental pollution by introducing foreign traditional and underdeveloped industries,but also promote the improvement of regional environmental quality through the "technology spillover" effect,thereby exerting an effect on green total factor productivity;However,this role is also affected by human capital,which not only helps to transform the mode of economic development and promote regional green development,but also provides knowledge and technical support for the introduction and absorption of FDI.In the critical period of the comprehensive green transformation,we urgently need to cultivate the driving force to stimulate green development,and fully consider the role of FDI and human capital in this process,which has important theoretical and practical significance.This paper focuses on the practical problem of promoting green development in the new era.First,this paper reviews a large number of previous studies,and further discuss the impact mechanism of FDI,human capital and their interaction on GTFP in detail,proposes three hypotheses;Then,based on the input-output perspective,the super-efficiency-SBM model is used to calculate the GTFP level of 270 prefecture-level cities in my country from 2003 to2018,and then conduct corresponding evaluation and analysis;Thirdly,the hypothesis proposed in this paper is tested empirically with the help of dynamic panel model;Finally,through the above analysis,it provides possible countermeasures to implement space for my country to realize the coordinated development of environment and economy.Conclusion as below :(1)From the time dimension,my country’s GTFP level is generally on the rise from 2003 to 2018;From the spatial dimension,compared with the other two regions,the eastern region has the highest level of GTFP,but after 2012,The gap is gradually narrowing.(2)From the perspective of the impact mechanism,FDI has a negative impact through the economic scale effect and structural effect,and has a positive impact through the technology effect and income effect.However,the effective exertion of technology effect and income effect is also restricted by external factors,which ultimately makes FDI inhibit GTFP;Human capital positively impacts GTFP through creativity,collaboration and learning;The entry of FDI has forced the improvement of the quantity and quality of human capital,and human capital has stimulated the positive technical effect and income effect of FDI.The benign interaction between the two is an important factor in promoting GTFP.(3)From the empirical test,the coefficient of FDI on GTFP is negative,and it is applicable in the eastern,central and western regions;The coefficient of human capital to GTFP is significantly positive,but there are regional differences,which are not significant in the western region;The coefficient of the interaction term between FDI and human capital on GTFP is positive,and this conclusion also has regional differences and is not significant in the central region.With green development as the goal,this paper puts forward four policy recommendations based on theoretical and empirical analysis to better promote the improvement of my country’s GTFP.