| As one of the old industrial bases in Northeast China,Liaoning Province has a developed industrial system,but it has always had conflicts between economic development and ecological protection.In this paper,the value of ecosystem services in Liaoning Province from 2000 to 2020 years was evaluated,and based on this,the ecological compensation priority and quota of Liaoning Province as a whole and each city in 2020 were ranked and calculated.From the four aspects of bibliometric analysis,land use analysis,ecosystem service value analysis and regional ecological compensation analysis,the changes of land use types,the changes of ecosystem service values and individual ecosystem services in Liaoning Province,the overall ecological compensation quota of Liaoning Province,the ecological compensation quota and the priority distribution of ecological compensation in various cities in Liaoning Province were systematically and comprehensively expounded from 2000 to2020.And make suggestions for the sustainable development of the ecological environment in Liaoning Province.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From 2000 to 2020,the land use types in Liaoning Province showed the characteristics of continuous decline in cultivated land area,grassland and wetland area increasing first and then decreasing,and forest,water body and construction land declining first and then increasing.In the past 20 years of development,the ESV of ecosystem service value has shown a continuous growth trend,from 803.516 billion yuan in 00 years to 816.615 billion yuan in 10 years,and 820.623 billion yuan in 20 years,with an overall growth of 17.107 billion yuan and a total growth rate of 2.13%.From the perspective of the value of individual ecosystem services,the value of the three functions of food production,raw material production and maintenance of nutrient cycling in the two decades from 2000 to 2020 years showed a decreasing trend year by year.The value of the four functions of gas regulation,climate regulation,environmental purification and hydrological regulation shows a continuous increasing trend.The value of four services: water supply,soil conservation,biodiversity,and aesthetic landscape,shows a trend of first declining and then rising.The largest contributor to the value of ecosystem services is hydrological regulation,which contributes 30 per cent.(2)The non-market value high-value areas of ecosystem service unit area in Liaoning Province are mainly distributed in Fushun,Benxi,Dandong and other eastern Liaoning regions,which have superior geographical environment,high forest coverage and sufficient fresh water resources,and Liaodong region has created favorable conditions for the development of ecosystems in Liaoning Province.The priority order of ecological compensation in Liaoning Province was ranked by calculating the priority of ecological compensation in Liaoning Province,which was Dandong,Chaoyang,Fushun,Benxi,Tieling,Huludao,Fuxin,Jinzhou,Anshan,Dalian,Yingkou,Liaoyang,Panjin and Shenyang.The division method of whether the priority of ecological compensation is greater than 1 is divided into priority ecological compensation areas and non-priority ecological compensation areas,of which Dandong and Chaoyang priority ecological compensation areas,and other districts are non-priority ecological compensation areas.Through the calculation of the ecological compensation amount of Liaoning Province cities,it is concluded that the overall compensation fund of Liaoning Province is 76.605 billion yuan,accounting for 3% of Liaoning Province’s GDP in 2020,which is more scientific and reasonable,and compared with the actual ecological compensation amount of 2.284 billion yuan in Liaoning Province in 2020,it shows that there is a large ecological compensation gap in Liaoning Province.(3)The sustainable and healthy development of the ecological environment in Liaoning Province can be improved through three aspects: improving the construction of the ecological compensation system,expanding the channels of compensation funds,and carrying out the zoning responsibility system.In terms of system construction,further consideration should be given to the introduction of laws and regulations on ecological compensation,and clarify the subjects,objects,compensation standards,compensation methods,and supervision departments of ecological compensation;In broadening the channels of compensation funds,the public’s willingness to pay resources should be actively demanded;Strengthen the connection between enterprises and individuals and the financial sector,and establish a complete ecological compensation fund through multi-party linkage;In carrying out the zoning responsibility system,according to the actual situation in the province,a leading group of each city should be established to refine the ecological compensation function protection zone,and each leading group should perform its own responsibilities,coordinate the relationship between the government and the market,and ensure the efficient progress of ecological compensation work. |
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