| The carbon emission issue is a hot topic in the world and even in our country in recent years,which concerns the people’s livelihood.Carbon neutral by 2060.Although industry produces the most carbon emissions,agriculture is also a major contributor.Dairy industry is an important part of agriculture,and dairy cows are also the most carbon emitting individuals in agricultural animal husbandry.Although Xinjiang is a large region of animal husbandry,the development of dairy industry in Xinjiang will inevitably achieve remarkable results,but without research,calculation and comparison,there is no right to speak.At the present stage,what progress Xinjiang dairy industry has made compared with other provinces,and how Xinjiang dairy industry development compared with other provinces,all these need to be studied.Therefore,this paper calculates the carbon emissions of Xinjiang dairy industry and studies its influencing factors,so as to promote the transformation and upgrading of Xinjiang dairy industry and promote the low-carbon development of Xinjiang dairy industry.This paper first summarizes the research of domestic and foreign scholars on carbon emissions from animal husbandry,and then makes a basic introduction to the historical evolution of the concept of carbon emissions,the current situation of Xinjiang dairy farming and the characteristics of the research region.Then,life cycle evaluation method was used to measure the carbon emissions of dairy industry in Xinjiang from 2004 to 2020 and that of dairy industry in various provinces in China in 2020,and the characteristic differences were analyzed through various indicators.Then,the influencing factors of dairy industry carbon emissions in all provinces in China were studied at the macro level through LMDI model.The orderly Multivariate linear model is used to explore the influencing factors of carbon emissions in Xinjiang dairy industry at the micro level,and finally the corresponding conclusions are drawn through the research.According to the problems found in field investigation and empirical test,combined with the breeding characteristics of Xinjiang,the corresponding suggestions are given mainly from the perspective of breeding farms.The main work and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Through field research,it is found that there is a large difference in resources between large dairy farms and retail farms in Xinjiang,and large dairy farms can obtain more economic benefits and government subsidies.(2)The carbon emissions of Xinjiang dairy industry from 2004 to 2020 were calculated by using the life cycle assessment method from eight links of the dairy industry,and it was found that the carbon emissions of Xinjiang dairy industry decreased by more than 2 million tons after years of transformation and upgrading.Among them,the improvement of gastrointestinal fermentation,manure management system and feeding energy consumption has played a huge role in the low-carbon development of Xinjiang dairy industry.(3)Carbon emissions of dairy industry in all provinces in China in 2020 were calculated,and it was found that the dairy industry in China would produce 42.991 million tons of carbon emissions in 2020,and the carbon emissions of dairy industry in Xinjiang ranked fourth,accounting for 9.4% of the total carbon emissions of dairy industry in China.(4)The LMDI model was used to calculate the macro influencing factors of carbon emissions from the dairy industry in China from 2008 to 2020,and it was found that the total carbon emissions from the dairy industry decreased by 5.8 million tons from 2008 to 2020,among which the change of the proportion of the dairy industry economy in the total economy contributed the most to the low-carbon development of the dairy industry.(5)Through the construction of orderly Multivariate linear model to explore the micro-influencing factors of carbon emissions of Xinjiang dairy industry,it is found that subjective environmental protection indicators have the most significant positive impact on the low-carbon development of dairy farming,and the annual milk yield has a great obstacle to the low-carbon development of dairy industry.Although the structure of cow breeding of our country has been optimized for some time,it still has some problems,also in Xinjiang.Based on the above conclusions and field research,the following problems are found:(1)Large-scale dairy farming is more in line with the requirements of modern dairy farming in China.However,retail dairy farming groups are large,especially in Xinjiang,where ethnic minorities live in compact communities and have the tradition of retail dairy farming,so the problem of retail dairy farming cannot be well solved at the present stage.(2)In the process of dairy farming,small-scale dairy farming still has problems such as poor varieties,backward breeding technology and difficult disposal of manure.(3)Judging from the carbon emissions of Xinjiang dairy industry,the low-carbon development of Xinjiang dairy industry still has a long way to go.Although the transformation and upgrading of the dairy industry in Xinjiang is going well,there are still many provinces in the country that can provide reference for Xinjiang to learn from,and there are many aspects that Xinjiang needs to improve.According to the above conclusions and problems,this paper gives the following countermeasures and suggestions from four aspects:(1)government help,scale drive,retail investors gather.The government should cooperate with universities,scientific research institutions and dairy farms of various sizes to explore the optimal scale of dairy farming and seek an appropriate scale of dairy farming in terms of carbon emission and economic development.(2)Go out to learn from each other.In view of the development of Xinjiang dairy industry,the government should organize the establishment of Xinjiang dairy industry chamber of commerce,and organize Xinjiang dairy industry professionals,experts and farm owners to go to other provinces or even abroad to learn excellent dairy industry experience and technology.(3)Economy first,environment first.The government should actively publicize the importance of environmental protection and ask dairy farms not to use environmentally damaging methods in the process of dairy farming.(4)Technology is the core,and innovation is the driving force.The government should guide and strengthen the connection between universities,research institutes,dairy farms and individual dairy farmers.On the one hand,activities organized by universities and research institutes can be practiced to provide accurate data and practical experience for the research of universities and research institutes.On the other hand,dairy farms,especially individual dairy farmers,can improve their breeding techniques and broaden their thinking.So that it can be found in the process of breeding problems can be a timely solution to the problem. |
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