Study On The Mediating Effect Of Psychological Capital Between Professional Identity And Compassion Fatigue Among Nurses In Operating Room

Objective:To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of professional identity,psychological capital,and compassion fatigue among operating room nurses,to analyze the correlation between the three,to explore the mediating effect of psychological capital between professional identity and compassion fatigue,and to provide a theoretical basis for nursing managers to formulate relevant strategies to reduce compassion fatigue from the perspective of positive psychology.Methods:From March to June 2021,a cross-sectional survey study was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire,the Professional Identity Scale for Nurses(PIS),the Psychological Capital Questionnaire(PCQ-R),and the Chinese version of the Compassion Fatigue Scale(ProQOL)applied to 354 operating room nurses in seven tertiary level A hospitals in northeast Sichuan Province.Statistical software SPSS25.0 and AMOS23.0 were used for data analysis.Frequency and composition ratios were used to describe general demographic information,and means and standard deviations were used to describe the professional identity,psychological capital,and compassion fatigue scores of operating room nurses.Professional identity,psychological capital,compassion fatigue and scores of each dimension were tested by normal Q-Q plot to obey normal distribution,and independent sample t-test or one-way ANOVA was adopted for comparison.Pearson correlation analysis was used to describe the relationship between professional identity,psychological capital and compassion fatigue.Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted with each dimension of compassion fatigue as the dependent variable,and the general information with statistically significant results from one-way analysis of variance and occupational identity and psychological capital as independent variables.A structural equation model was developed to test the mediating effect of psychological capital between occupational identity and compassion fatigue,and P<0.05 was statistically different.Results:1.The total score of professional identity of operating room nurses was(104.37±22.99),and the mean score of entries was(3.48±0.77).The mean scores of the entries for each dimension in descending order were occupational social support(3.69±0.65),occupational self-reflection(3.65±0.79),occupational frustration coping(3.60±0.77),occupational social skills(3.39±0.77),and occupational cognitive evaluation(3.26±0.96).There were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in the professional identity scores of OR nurses with different levels of education,years of work experience,and job satisfaction.2.The total psychological capital score of the operating room nurses was(86.81±18.79)and the mean score of the entries was(4.34±0.94).The mean score of each dimension entry had the highest score for optimism dimension(4.42±1.00),followed by self-efficacy dimension(4.41±0.89),resilience dimension(4.34±0.97),and the lowest score for hope dimension(4.23±1.04).The differences in psychological capital scores of OR nurses by age,education,years of experience,job satisfaction,and nature of employment were statistically significant(P<0.05).3.The scores of the three subscales of compassion fatigue of operating room nurses:compassion satisfaction score(32.25±8.80),whose main influencing factors were the nature of employment,professional identity and psychological capital;burnout score(27.70±8.45),whose main influencing factors were gender,years of work,professional identity and psychological capital;secondary traumatic stress score(27.64±8.91),whose main influencing factors were gender,professional identity,and psychological capital.4.Pearson correlation analysis showed that occupational identity was positively correlated with psychological capital and compassion satisfaction(r=0.881,r=0.800,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with burnout and secondary traumatic stress(r=-0.754,r=-0.484,P<0.01);psychological capital was positively correlated with compassion satisfaction(r=0.783,P<0.01)and negatively correlated with burnout and secondary traumatic stress(r=-0.727,r=-0.486,P<0.01).5.The structural equation model showed that:the total effect of professional identity affecting compassion satisfaction 0.794,indirect effect 0.362,direct effect 0.432,95%CI none of which contains 0,significant effect values,indicating that professional identity can indirectly affect compassion satisfaction through psychological capital(mediating effect accounted for 45.59%);the total effect of professional identity affecting burnout-0.751,indirect effect-0.642,direct effect-0.109,95%CI does not contain 0,significant effect value,indicating that occupational identity can indirectly affect burnout through psychological capital(mediating effect accounts for 85.49%);total effect of occupational identity affecting secondary traumatic stress-0.494,indirect effect-0.197,direct effect-0.297,95%Cl contains 0,non-significant effect value The effect values were not significant,indicating that psychological capital did not play a mediating role between occupational identity and secondary traumatic stress.Conclusion:1.Professional identity and psychological capital of operating room nurses were at a moderate level,and compassion fatigue was at a moderate to high risk level.2.Professional identity of operating room nurses was positively correlated with psychological capital and compassion satisfaction,and negatively correlated with burnout and secondary traumatic stress;psychological capital was positively correlated with compassion satisfaction and negatively correlated with burnout and secondary traumatic stress.3.Nature of employment,occupational identity and psychological capital of operating room nurses were the main influencing factors of compassion satisfaction;gender,years of work experience,occupational identity,and psychological capital were the influencing factors of burnout;gender,occupational identity,and psychological capital were the influencing factors of secondary traumatic stress.4.Occupational identity of operating room nurses directly and negatively predicted compassion fatigue and also indirectly predicted compassion fatigue with psychological capital as a mediating variable,and psychological capital played a partial mediating effect between occupational identity and compassion fatigue.