Status Of Work Experience In Operating Room Nurses And Its Relationship With Psychological Capital,Job Demands And Job Resources

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the current situation of work experience(work immersion and burnout)of operating room nurses,and to explore the relationship between three major factors,namely,psychological capital,job demands and job resources,and work experience,in order to provide empirical research support for the improvement of work immersion level and reduction of burnout level of operating room nurses.MethodsFrom January to May 2022,421 operating room nurses were selected from nine tertiary care hospitals in Shandong Province using a convenience sampling method,and questionnaires were administered using the General Information Questionnaire,Maslach Burnout Inventory,Nurse work-related Flow Questionnaire,Positive Psycap Questionnaire,Job Demands Scale,and Job Resources Scale.SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 29.0 statistical software were used to statistically analyze the data,and the main statistical methods included one-way ANOVA,correlation analysis,hierarchical linear regression,and structural equation modeling.Results1.General sociodemographic characteristics of operating room nursesThe age range of operating room nurses was 20 to 55 years old,with a mean age of(31.16±7.13)years;most of them were female(85.5%);86.7%had a bachelor’s degree or above;the average working years were(9.20±7.80)years;68.2%were contract nurses;and 68.6%were junior nurses.2.Analysis of operating room nurses’ work experience scores and their differences in general sociodemographic characteristicsThe total score of burnout among operating room nurses was(43.43±22.04),emotional exhaustion(20.59±11.52),low achievement(17.39±13.79),and depersonalization(5.45 ±6.12);the mean score of total entries of work immersion was(4.62±0.80),with the following subdimensional scores:sense of time(4.76±0.86),sense of sense of integration(4.62±0.84),experience stimulation(4.59±0.90),concentration(4.55±0.86),and sense of control(4.54±0.89).Correlation analysis revealed that burnout was negatively correlated with work immersion(r=-0.375,P<0.01).The results of univariate analysis showed that the differences in total burnout scores were statistically significant(P<0.01)for education,family economic status,and personnel relations;and the differences in total work immersion scores were statistically significant(P<0.05)for education and personnel relations.3.Correlation analysis of work experience of operating room nurses with psychological capital,job demands,and job resourcesBurnout among OR nurses was positively correlated with job demands and each dimension(r=0.232～0.384,P<0.01),negatively correlated with career development opportunities,performance feedback,and social support of job resources(r=-0.414～-0.282,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with psychological capital and each dimension(r=-0.419～-0.292,P<0.01);work immersion was negatively correlated with role ambiguity of job demands(r=-0.565,P<0.01),positively correlated with job resources and dimensions(r=0.249～0.417,P<0.01)and psychological capital and dimensions(r=0.317～0.558,P<0.01),and job demands were negatively correlated with psychological capital(r=-0.360,P<0.01);job resources were positively correlated with psychological capital(r=0.624,P<0.01).4.Hierarchical regression analysis of factors related to the work experience of nurses in the operating roomUsing the total burnout score and total work immersion score of OR nurses as dependent variables,respectively,incorporating statistically different general sociodemographic characteristics as control variables,and including job demands,job resources,and total psychological capital scores as independent variables in the second level of the stratified regression equation,regression analyses revealed that job demands positively predicted total burnout score(β=0.271,P<0.001)and Psychological capital negatively predicted total burnout scores(β=-0.275,P<0.001);job resources and psychological capital positively predicted total work immersion scores(β=0.166,0.468,P<0.05).5.Path analysis of the effect of factors related to work experience of nurses in the operating roomUsing burnout and work immersion among OR nurses as dependent variables,job demands and job resources as independent variables,and psychological capital as mediating variables,AMOS29.0 was used to construct a structural equation model of factors related to work experience among OR nurses.The results showed that psychological capital played a partially mediating role between job demands and burnout(95%CI=0.028,0.098),and the mediating effect accounted for 12.8%of the total effect.;psychological capital mediated between job resources and work immersion(95%CI=0.148,0.308),with the mediating effect accounting for 74.8%of the total effect.Conclusion1.Burnout and work immersion of operating room nurses were both at moderate levels,and they were negatively correlated.2.Job demands can positively affect burnout and negatively affect work immersion;job resources and psychological capital can negatively affect burnout and positively affect work immersion.It is suggested that managers can improve the work experience of operating room nurses by reducing job demands and enriching job resources.3.Job demands of operating room nurses have a direct effect on burnout and an indirect effect through psychological capital;job resources have an indirect effect on work immersion through psychological capital,and psychological capital plays a mediating role between job resources and work immersion.It is suggested that managers can take measures to enhance the psychological capital of operating room nurses to improve the work experience of operating room nurses.