| Epidemic B Encephalitis is a central nervous system epidemic caused by neurotropic virus.In 1950s,Japanese encephalitis was epidemic in many provinces and cities in China,and Shandong was one of them.The health department has conducted a lot of investigation and research on it.And named it "Japanese encephalitis"(hereinafter referred to as "JE"),and will be included in the statutory management of reportable infectious diseases.Through the method of literature research,based on local records,health records,newspapers,archives and other data,this paper investigated the epidemic situation of JE in Shandong Province in the 1950s and summarized the experience,hoping to provide reference for epidemic prevention and control today.The full text mainly discusses the following questions:Firstly,this paper studies the characteristics and causes of JE epidemic in Shandong Province in the 1950s.Its epidemic characteristics are as follows:From 1956 to 1959,JE was a serious epidemic in Shandong province,with a wide range of epidemic areas,but Heze,Linyi and Jining in southern Shandong were the key epidemic areas,and the incidence in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban areas.From the time distribution,JE was mainly prevalent in summer and autumn,and the incidence peak was in August,which was closely related to the activity of mosquitoes.In terms of age distribution,the incidence is significantly higher in children than in adults,especially in children under 10 years of age;As for the gender ratio of JE patients,male is higher than female.The main reason for the epidemic of JE is mosquito breeding caused by poor environmental hygiene.At the same time,the lack of medical resources and people’s backward health concept also contribute to the epidemic of JE.Secondly,the measures taken to prevent and control the epidemic of JE in Shandong Province in 1950s were investigated.After the founding of New China,under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee,government departments at all levels in Shandong Province actively carried out JE prevention and control work,and found out effective prevention and control measures in practice.These measures mainly include:first,promulgation of a series of policies and regulations,to guide the orderly development of JE treatment work;Second,large-scale epidemic prevention institutions should be established to build a health epidemic prevention system,and epidemic reporting system should be established based on this,so that health administration departments at all levels can quickly and accurately grasp the epidemic situation of JE.Third,the establishment of scientific research institutes to research and develop JE vaccine,in the areas with high incidence of JE epidemic for the key population to inject JE vaccine,at the same time,the large-scale construction of hospitals and medical colleges,training medical personnel,so that JE patients can get timely treatment,reduce the death rate of patients;The third is to combine the patriotic health campaign with the propaganda of JE prevention and control,actively carry out the publicity and popularization of JE prevention and control knowledge,and improve environmental health by organizing the masses to carry out the patriotic health campaign,and form the situation of mass prevention and control;The fourth is to use the method of combining Chinese and Western medicine to treat JE measures,through the cooperation of Chinese medicine and Western medicine to play their respective advantages,in the treatment of JE process has achieved positive results.Finally,the results and problems of JE prevention and control in Shandong Province in the 1950s were discussed.The results were mainly reflected in three aspects.First,the cure rate of JE was improved and the mortality rate of patients was reduced.Second,a relatively complete epidemic prevention system was initially established in Shandong province,which laid a solid foundation for epidemic prevention and control in the future.Third,it has improved people’s living environment and changed their traditional concept of health.At the same time,the government has won the support and heartfelt support of the people by improving health and developing epidemic prevention.There are two main problems in epidemic prevention,the first is the imbalance of medical resources,the government has arranged the focus of epidemic prevention in urban areas,while rural areas are the most prevalent areas of JE.At the same time,some counties and townships do not organize patriotic health campaigns in rural areas,and many of the work is superficial.As a result,although the government has done a lot of work,JE still appears in some rural areas.The second is that the degree of attention paid to traditional Chinese medicine is still a little insufficient.The first is that many regions did not prepare enough traditional Chinese medicine before the outbreak of the epidemic,resulting in the process of treatment without medicine.Second,there are still incongruity between Chinese and western medicine in some areas,both of which will delay the treatment of JE patients and aggravate their condition.The records of "heat warmth" and "heat dampness" in ancient Chinese medicine books are very similar to the symptoms of JE.However,in the early 1950s,the development of TCM was hindered for some reasons.Although Chinese medicine has been effective in treating JE,its treatment methods and experience have not been recognized due to certain influences.Later,under the care of the CPC Central Committee and leaders,the previous mistakes were corrected and the development of TCM returned to the right track.For example,during the JE epidemic in Shijiazhuang in 1954,the treatment of JE with traditional Chinese medicine achieved very good effects,which gradually changed the wrong ideas of Chinese people on TCM.All over the country began to learn Shijiazhuang’s method of treating JE with traditional Chinese medicine,and treated it according to the local situation.A similar situation also existed in Shandong province.During the outbreak of JE,TCM went through a process from being rejected to being gradually included in the treatment team organized by the government,and gradually occupying an important position.In view of the shortcomings of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment process,health departments and medical institutions also organized Western medicine cooperation,the use of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of JE.The government promoted the treatment method of combining traditional Chinese and western medicine,which greatly reduced the death rate of JE patients.In general,governments at all levels in Shandong Province made a lot of efforts in the prevention and control of JE in the 1950s,and achieved good results.These experiences and results are still playing an important role in the prevention and control of infectious diseases today. |
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