A Study On The Relationship Between Self-perception Of Aging,Cognitive Function And Successful Aging In Jinzhou Community Older Adults

Objective To investigate the status quo of self-perception of aging,cognitive function and successful aging,to explore the relationship between self-perception of aging,cognitive function and successful aging among older people in Jinzhou city,so as to provide a basis for formulating scientific and effective measures to promote the successful aging of the elderly in China.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 346 community older people from November 2021 to June 2022 in Taihe District,Linghe District and Guta District of Jinzhou,China.Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire,Mini-Mental State Examination and Successful Aging Inventory were used to investigate information.SPSS 25.0 was applied to analyse the data,descriptive analysis,t-test and ANOVA were used to describe the differences in self-perception of aging,cognitive function and successful aging under different demographic data,Pearson correlation analysis was used to describe the correlation between the variables,multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the mediating effect of cognitive function,AMOS 23.0 was used to construct a structural effects model,and Bootstrap method was applied to test the mediating effects.Results1.The score of self-perception of aging,cognitive function and successful aging were(44.79±12.45),(24.81±13.38)and(49.25±9.69),respectively.2.There were significant differences in self-perception of aging among different ages,education levels,monthly income,exercise and health self-rate health(P<0.05);There were significant differences in cognitive function among different age,education level,monthly income,marital status,disease,exercise and self-rated health(P<0.05);There were significant differences in successful aging among different age,education level,monthly income,disease,exercise and self-rated health(P<0.05).3.Pearson correlation analysis showed that self-perception of aging was negatively correlated with cognitive function(r=-0.602,P<0.01);self-perception of aging was negatively correlated with successful aging(r=-0.690,P<0.01);cognitive function is positively correlated with successful aging(r=0.645,P<0.01).4.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-perception of aging had a negative predictive effect on successful aging(β=-0.584,t=-12.881,P<0.001).Self-perception of aging had a negative predictive effect on cognitive function(β=-0.363,t=-8.067,P<0.001).Cognitive function had a positive predictive effect on successful aging(β=0.323,t=6.196,P<0.001).5.The results of structural equation model showed that the direct effect of self-perception of aging on successful aging was-0.686,the direct effect of cognitive function on successful aging was 0.306,the direct effect of self-perception of aging on cognitive function was-0.804.And the mediating effect of cognitive function on successful aging was-0.246,accounting for 26.39% of the total effect(-0.246/-0.932).Conclusions1.The degree of self-perception of aging,cognitive functioning and successful aging of older people in the Jinzhou community are all at a low level.2.Factors influencing self-perception of aging of older people in the community are age,education,monthly income,exercise,and health self-assessment;factors influencing cognitive function of older people in the community are age,education,marital status,monthly income,illness,exercise,and health;factors influencing successful aging of older people in the community are age,education,monthly income,illness,exercise,and health self-assessment.3.Medical workers and community staff should focus on elderly people with advanced age,low education level,unmarried/widowed spouse,low monthly income,illness,less exercise and poor self-rated health.4.Community workers can promote the realization of successful aging by improving the negative self-perception of aging attitude of the elderly and enhancing their cognitive function.