Investigation On The Current Situation Of Long-Term Care Needs Of Disabled Elderly In Liaoning Province

Objective:To investigate the current status of long-term care needs of disabled elderly people in Liaoning Province,describe the status of the long-term care needs according to different degrees of disability,analyze the influencing factors of long-term care needs of disabled elderly people,and provide reference for future long-term care projects for disabled elderly people in Liaoning Province.Methods:From October 2021 to October 2022,the disabled elderly in Anshan,Benxi and Shenyang communities and institutions were selected by convenience sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey.The questionnaire on the long-term care needs of the disabled elderly,the ability assessment of the elderly and general data were used as the investigation tools to investigate the current situation of the long-term care needs of the disabled elderly and its influencing factors.SPSS26.0 was applied for statistical analysis,the basic information were described by frequency and percentage,and the measurement data were expressed by mean±standard deviation（（?）±S）,median（M）and quartile(P₂₅,P₇₅);Analysis of variance,t test,Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis.The influencing factors of long-term care needs of the disabled elderly were used multiple linear regression analysis method.P<0.05 was used as the standard for statistical difference.Results:1150 questionnaires were effectively collected,with an effective recovery rate of95.04%.The average age of disabled elderly was（78.72±9.09）years old,including 885（76.96%）in institutions and 256（23.04%）in communities.In this survey,there were 730（63.48%）with mild disability,277（24.09%）with severe disability and 143（12.43%）with moderate disability.The average score of long-term care needs of the disabled elderly was（2.84±0.53）,The scores of each dimension of long-term care needs of the disabled elderly were as follow:psychosocial support needs（62.68%）,daily life needs（61.76%）,medical rehabilitation needs（57.48%）,and specialized nursing needs（46.83%）.The elderly with mild disability needed psychosocial support most（63.00%）,the elderly with moderate disability needed daily life most（70.32%）,and the elderly with severe disability needed daily life most（75.24%）.In univariate analysis,care place,age,work before retirement,education level,causes of disability,payment method of medical expenses,per capita monthly household income,main source of livelihood,undergo rehabilitation treatment or not,bear rehabilitation costs,degree of disability,and number of chronic diseases had statistically significant differences in the score of long-term care needs（P<0.05）.Multiple linear regression showed that the degree of disability,place of care,undergo rehabilitation treatment or not,bearing rehabilitation cost,work before retirement,main source of livelihood,and age had a significant impact on the long-term care needs of the disabled elderly（P<0.05）.Conclusion:In Liaoning Province,the long-term care needs of the elderly with disabilities are at a medium level.Long-term care needs are mainly reflected in the need for psychosocial support.Elderly people with different degrees of disability have different long-term care needs,the elderly with mild disability need psychosocial support most,while the elderly with moderate and severe disability need daily life needs most.The degree of disability,the place of care,undergo rehabilitation treatment or not,the cost of rehabilitation,the work before retirement,the main source of livelihood,and age are the main influencing factors of the long-term care needs of the disabled elderly.In days to come,attention should be paid to the provision of psychological and social support services for the disabled elderly,and the work should be guided according to the factors affecting the long-term care needs of the disabled elderly,so as to link the long-term care needs of the disabled elderly to the actual care programs,so as to improve the quality of life of the disabled elderly.