| Objective:By combing the development context of the epidemic theory in various periods,sorting out the academic ideas and characteristic treatment methods of the representative physicians of the epidemic school,and analyzing the application law of the prescriptions of the epidemic school,summing up the epidemic treatment characteristics of the epidemic school,in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of new acute infectious diseases such as novel coronavirus infection and influenza A infection.Methods:1.Theoretical research:Through literature analysis,the representative medical works of the school of epidemic diseases during the Ming and Qing dynasties were collated,including Wu Youke’s "On the Epidemic Diseases",Dai Tianzhang’s "On the Epidemic Diseases",Yang Lishan’s "Treatise on Typhoid Fever and Epidemic Diseases",and Liu Songfeng’s "On the Epidemic Diseases".The academic thoughts and treatment characteristics of various epidemic diseases scholars were summarized.2.Data analysis:Standardized statistics were conducted on the prescriptions for preventing and treating epidemic diseases recorded in Wu Youke’s "Treatise on Epidemic",Dai Tianzhang’s "Treatise on Epidemic",Yang Lishan’s "Treatise on Typhoon and Epidemic",and Liu Songfeng’s "Songfeng Says Epidemic".Excavate and explain the prescription frequency,drug frequency,drug attributes(four qi,five flavors,meridian tropism,and efficacy),association analysis,cluster analysis,and complex network analysis,analyze the medication laws of the school of epidemic diseases,and summarize its epidemic treatment characteristics.Results:1.By sorting out the academic thoughts of representative physicians of the school of epidemic febrile diseases,the research on the etiology,syndrome differentiation,prevention and treatment of epidemic febrile diseases by the school of epidemic febrile diseases is rich and detailed,with unique characteristics.In terms of etiology,it is proposed that epidemic febrile disease is the onset of feeling the miscellaneous qi of the epidemic,emphasizing that abnormal luck is the key to the onset of the epidemic,and that the rise and decline of the positive qi are closely related to the onset;In the aspect of syndrome differentiation,it is necessary to distinguish between typhoid fever and epidemic fever,distinguish both external and internal syndromes,and clarify the relationship between the location of the disease and its transmission and transformation;In terms of prevention,various methods and prescriptions for avoiding epidemics were established,emphasizing that the key to preventing diseases was positive qi;In terms of treatment,the School of Epidemic Diseases attaches importance to attacking pathogenic factors,proposing characteristic therapies such as penetrating the membrane,promoting penetration and promoting sweat,clearing away stagnant heat,clearing the internal organs and expelling pathogenic factors,and clearing the camp and cooling blood.It emphasizes that strengthening the body can help eliminate pathogenic factors,and should be applied simultaneously with attacking and reinforcing.2.The statistics on the epidemic treatment prescriptions and medicines in the representative works of the school of epidemic fever are clear.Among the four books,there are 435 effective prescriptions,364 prescriptions for use,20 prescriptions with a frequency of more than 10,and 20 medicines with a frequency of more than 100 times.The four qi types are mostly cold,the five flavors are mostly bitter,and the meridians are mostly lung meridians.The efficacy applications are mostly heat clearing and detoxification.Hierarchical cluster analysis has selected five pairs of core drugs,namely,white peony root-bupleurum,angelica root-raw rehmannia,anemarrhena root-gypsum,magnolia bark-aurantium aurantium,and rhubarb-mirabilite;Three core drug groups were selected by association analysis,namely,Bombyx mori-Cicada molting,Rhubarb-Mirabilite-Fructus Aurantii,Gardenia-Scutellaria baicalensis-Coptis chinensis;Complex network analysis screened nine core drugs,including scutellaria baicalensis,rhubarb,mirabilite,licorice,fructus aurantii,coptis chinensis,gardenia,bombyx mori,cicada molting,etc.,which can be clinically referenced.3.The main therapeutic methods of the school of epidemic febrile diseases are embodied in four aspects: sweating to relieve external symptoms,clearing away heat and toxins,purging the lower organs,and nourishing qi and yin.According to the statistical results,there are four types of high-frequency prescriptions,namely,surface clearing agents,heat clearing agents,attack agents,and yin tonic agents,with heat clearing agents being the most commonly used;High-frequency drugs can also be divided into four categories,including heat clearing drugs,tonifying drugs,surface relieving drugs,and diarrhea drugs.Based on this,the characteristics of the epidemic school of governance are reflected in the above four points.Conclusion:1.The characteristics of epidemic treatment of the School of Epidemic Fever and Epidemic Diseases are embodied in providing a way out for pathogenic factors,as eliminating pathogenic factors is the key to achieve it.The application of the three methods,namely,"clearing away heat,relieving heat,clearing depression,and expelling fire,and attacking and expelling filth," is the specific manifestation of eliminating pathogenic factors.2.The characteristics of the school of epidemic prevention and treatment are embodied in the opening of the Xuanfu and the smooth flow of qi.It was found that the use of high-frequency drugs such as antipyretic drugs,antipyretic drugs,and purgative drugs reflected three methods of enlightening the mind,namely,"dispersing and dispersing heat,clearing away stagnant heat,and clearing the lower body to remove impurities."3.The characteristics of epidemic treatment of the School of Epidemic Fever are embodied in the idea of strengthening the foundation,regulating yin and yang,strengthening the integrity and eliminating evil through the entire process of epidemic treatment. |
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