A Study Of “Ru” Word Family

From the early embryonic period to the current systematic study of word families,the study of Chinese homogeners has gone through a long and tortuous process.At present,the systematic study of word families is still very weak,this paper intends to construct the word family on the basis of previous research,select "Ru"(“如”)as the representative word for the name of the word family,first longitudinally link the shape sound word with "Ru"(“如”),and then horizontally connect other sound notes close to the "Ru"(“如”),according to the sound symbol source function,five word groups with different meanings are linked,and the word groups together compose a large word family,that is the "Ru"(“如”)word family.This article consists of three parts:The first part is an introduction,which mainly introduces the research object and significance of this paper,the overview of the study of Chinese homologues,the research of synonyms related to "Ru"(“如”),the determination criteria,connection methods and corpus sources of synonyms.The second part is the main body of this article,which consists of four chapters.The first chapter is the determination of the "obedience",The meaning of "obedience" is the original meaning of the word "Ru"(“如”).This chapter starts from the three harmonic deviations of "Ru"(“如”)"Ruo"(“若”)and "Nu"(“奴”),three groups of congeners are connected respectively,and analyzing their phonetic and semantic relationships.In terms of phonetics,the ancient vocal buttons are all in the tongue part,and the rhyme part is concentrated in "Yu"(“鱼”)"Duo"(“铎”),reflecting the cohesion of the phonetic relationship;In terms of semantics,the semantic relationship analysis is carried out through the dichotomy of semantic elements proposed by Wang Ning,and the "obedience" of the source elements is obtained.The second chapter is the determination of the homonym with the etymological meaning of "Rou"(“柔”),The meaning of "Rou"(“柔”)is the source meaning of the word "Ru"(“如”).This chapter connects "Ru"(“如”)"Ruo"(“弱”)"Xu"(“需”)"Ruan"(“耎”)"Zhuan"(“孨”)"Ren"(“任”)"Ruo"(若)"Rou"(“柔”)"Er"(“而”)"Rui"(“甤”)"Ran"(“冄”)"Nei"(“内”)as harmonic morphological characters,and divide them into "weak" and "soft" categories,and then conduct phonetic and semantic analysis of the homogeners through parallel mutual proof and synonym dichotomy,and finally connect the "submissive" with the "Rou"(“柔”)homologous word twice.The ancient cognate meaning system proposed by Huang Yiqing is used to prove the relationship between the two.The third chapter is the determination of the homology of the etymology "warm" and "soothing",the meanings of "warm" and "soothing" are derived from the meaning of "Rou"(“柔”).This chapter is based on the harmonic side of "Ruan"(“耎”)"Nan"(“难”)"Yuan"(“爰”)"Chan"(“孱”)and "Nei"(“内”),linking the two word groups,analyzing their phonetic and semantic relationships,and using parallel mutual evidence and the common meaning system of cognate words in Old Chinese to prove that the meaning of "effeminate" is connected with the meaning of "warm" and "soothing".The fourth chapter is the determination of the homology of the etymological meaning of "traction",the meaning of "traction" is the extended meaning of the word "Ru"(“如”).A sound note often has multiple meanings,so "Ru"(“如”)sound note not only has "obedience" and "soft" meaning,but also has "traction" meaning,in this chapter is connected with the same or similar sound notes "Ruo"(“若”)"Nu"(“奴”)and "Yuan"(“爰”)with "Ru"(“如”),and analyzes the shape and sound words that use them as harmonic sides,and also connects "obedient" words with "traction" words twice.Classify these two word groups together in the "Ru"(“如”)word family.Finally,in the summary of this chapter,the meaning of the word family "Ru"(“如”)is summarized,which clearly shows the systematic nature of the word family.The third part is the conclusion,summarizing the research process and conclusions of the article,and pointing out the shortcomings and areas that need to be continued,and the interpretation of some words can only be analyzed at a shallow level due to the limited current capacity,and needs in-depth discussion.