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Diversity Of Endophytic Pestalotiopsis On Podocarpaceae, Theaceae And Taxaceae, And Molecular Phylogenetics Of Pestalotiopsis

Posted on:2005-04-23Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:J G WeiFull Text:PDF
GTID:1100360122987996Subject:Plant pathology
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Endophytic fungi are a kind of fungi which live in healthy plants and do not cause visible disease symptoms. Endophytic fungi are a major part of biodiversity naturally. Generally endophytic fungi were investigated in a taxon (species, genus , family) of plants or in a certain area. Few surveyson a specific group of endophytic fungi have been made.Many reports showed that endophytic Pestalotiopsis were a major group of endophytic fungi. However, only seven species of endophytic Pestalotiopsis were recorded since Espinosa-Garcia et al. firstly reported Pestalotiopsis funerea as an endophytic fungus in Sequoia sempervirens in 1990. Endophytic Pestalotiopsis produced abundant valuable metabolites including antitumor, antifungal and antibacterial substances.The taxonomy of Pestalotiopsis and allied genera based on morphological characteristics has been argued since 1949 when the genus Pestalotiopsis was established by Steyaert. Molecular phylogenetics is an helpful approach to probe a natural classification of the genera.As a part work of flora fungorum sinicorum {Pestalotiopsis and allied genera), the investigation of resource and diversity of endophytic Pestalotiopsis on ornamental plants of Podocarpaceae, Theaceae and Taxaceae in southern China was carried out, and the taxonomy and molecular phylogenetics of Pestalotiopsis were explored. 1 Species of endophytic Pestalotiopsis on Podocarpaceae, Theaceae and TaxaceaeMore than 300 samples of healthy leaves and twigs of Podocarpus macrophyllus, P. nagi, Camellia japonica, C. sirtensis, C. nitidissima, C. oleifera, C.sasanqua, C. reticulate, Taxus yunnanensis and T. chinensis van mairei were collected in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province; Nanning, Guangxi Province and Kunming, Yunnan Province from 2001 to 2003. More than 18000 segments of plant tissues were cultured and 865 strains of endophytic Pestalotiopsis were obtained. All strains of endophytic Pestalotiopsis were identified based on Guba (1961) and Nag Raj (1993) Twenty five species of endophytic Pestalotiopsis were identified including 3 new species, a new record in China, 4 new combinations, 15 species which were firstly recorded as endophytic fungi.Three new species of Pestalotiopsis:Pestalotiopsis kunmingensis, sp. nov. isolated from a 4-year old leaf of Podocarpus macrophyllus in Kunming Botanic Garden. It produced long conidia [33.8-46.8 x 7.5-10 um (mean 41 x 8.6 um)] with a branched basal appendage and usually 3 spatulate apical appendages.Pestalotiopsis yunnaneisis, sp. nov. isolated from twigs of Podocarpus macrophyllus in Kunming Botanic Garden. It produced conidia [26-33.8 x 6.5-8.2 um (mean 28.8 x 7.2 urn)] with 3-7 apical appendages and a quite long basal appendage (3.7 - 16.9 um, average 9.4 urn ).Pestalotiopsis hangzhouensis, sp. nov. isolated from twigs of Camelliae sinensis in Hangzhou and Kunming. It produced conidia [(31.2-40.3 x 6.9-9.2 urn (mean 35.4 x 8.1 um)] with 2-9 apical appendages, length of apical appendages 26-48.1 um (average 34.9 um); and of basal appendage absent.New record in China: Pestalotiopsis karstenii.New combinations: Pestalotiopsis briosiana, comb, nov., P. paeoniicola, comb, nov., P. subcuticularis, comb. nov. and P. suffocata, comb. nov.Species firstly recorded as endophytic Pestalotiopsis : Pestalotiopsis aquatica, P. clavispora, P. conigena, P. crassiuscula, P. heterocornis, P. mangifolia, P. menezesiana, P. neglecta, P. olivacea, P. osyridis, P. oxyanthi, P. paeoniae, P. photiniae, P. rhododendri, P. zonata.It was found that species of endophytic Pestalotiopsis were abundant. More than two (including two) species of that were found in a species of plant. Endophytic Pestalotiopsis were isolated from every parts of plant above the ground and more easily from twigs. 2 Diversity of endophytic Pestalotiopsis 2.1 Species diversity of endophytic Pestalotiopsis in host plantsSpecies diversity of endophytic Pestalotiopsis was varied with different host plants. Sixteen species of endophytic Pestalotiopsis were found out in Podocarpus m...
Keywords/Search Tags:endophytic fungi, biodiversity, Pestalotiopsis, Pestalotia, taxonomy, molecular phylogenetics, Podocarpaceae, Theaceae, Taxaceae
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