Study On Basalt Fibers Composite Filtration Materials

The microstructures of basalt fibers were investigated by the methods of infrared spectroscopy, microinfrared and Raman spectroscopy etc. The results indicated that those were mainly composed of insularis [SiO4]4-, chain [Si2O6]4- laminated structure [Si2O5]2- MgAlOH, Fe3+AlOH, Fe2+Fe3+OH and the substitution of silicon and aluminium.A new catalytic dynamic method for determinating the iron in basalt fibers was established on the basis of redox reactions between antiscorbic acid and synthesized novel azoic compound . The iron ion acted as catalyst on the process.Basalt fiber surface modification was carried out by means of Plasma technology at first time. The surface components analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed there were many nitrogen active groups on the fiber surface after Plasma treatment. Better combination between basalt and coniferous wood fibers was attributed to nitrogen of active groups and to the surface roughness due to Plasma treatment. The forming mechanism of nitrogen active groups on basalt fiber surface was put forwardThe effects of pulping degree on crystallinity and crystallization sizp of coniferous wood fibers were investigated. The results illuminated that the tensile strength of the filtration materials reduced with the reduce of crystallinity of wood fibers.It was found from the study that the content of basalt fibers and pulping degree of coniferous wood fibers had significant effects on the filtration performance of studied filtration materials. Basalt fiber composite samples were prepared by optimizing the experimental factors such as agents of drying strength, wetting strength and other additives. The adding of sepiolite(20% in weight) gave better tensile strength than the composite of basalt fiber and plant fiber. However, the air permeability of the filtration materials of basalt fiber, sepiolite and plant fiber was reduced. Experiment of sepiolite fiber filling (content 20%) elucidated that tensile strength and adsorption performance of composite materials consisted of basalt , sepiolite and coniferous wood fibers were better than those of composite materials of basalt wood fibers. Air permeability, however, reduced.The zeta potential of basalt fibers, coniferous wood fibers and their composite pulp was measured and this illustrated they all had negative charges. The tests showed that positive ionadditives would provide a neutral compound pulp.A concept of random network laminated structure and interfacial mechanism of basalt fiber composite materials was given. The relativities among the pore diameters(maximum , minimum and mean pores) as well with air permeability were investigated. The dependences of the content of basalt fibers and filtration rate were formulated. They may provide theoretical foundations for practical usages.Thermal aging(oxidative) degradation indicated that the thermal aging of the composite materials mainly attributed to that of coniferous wood fibers. The corresponding relationship between crystallinity size and tensile strength was also revealed on the thermal aging courses.The relationship between crystallinity and tensile strength was discussed based on the tests of Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Correlative harmony degradation mechanism of basalt fibers with plant fibers was proposed.Photocatalysts of basalt and sepiolite fiber supported TiO2 were prepared. The degradation test of the waste water from the preparation process was made. The results indicated that degradation efficiency of using photocatalyst of sepiolite fiber supported TiO2 was better than that of basalt fiber supported TiO2. The recovery and recycle of photocatalyst can be done successfully. Further more, these results provided the knowledge and the possibility of making functional filtration materials by using sepiolite fibers.