The Study On Effect Of Ventilation On Fire Behavior Of Typical Upholstered Furniture

The fire hazard posed by upholstered furniture was highlighted in the 1970s and numerous research programs on fire performance of upholstered furniture were undertaken, but it was short of research that the effect of ventilation on fire behavior of upholstered furniture, based on the ISO9705 full scale experimental setup, width of intake was transformed in order to transform ventilation conditions of the combustion chamber. The test methods used in this thesis were the Cone Calorimeter (ISO 5660) and the Room/Corner test (ISO 9705), and the samples were purchased from open market of China.The fire properties of different fabrics, flexible polyurethane foams and their combinations have been studied in a cone calorimeter operated at a radiant flux of 35kW/m². The results were helpful for the choice of upholstered furniture materials.In the full-scale experiment, the studies on the effect of size and materials of full-scale upholstered furniture have been conducted in enclosure and large space. Parameters such as heat release rate, smoke production rate, temperature profiles of ceiling and doorway were recorded, the difference in between enclosure and large space of fire property of upholstered furniture were discussed. Meanwhile, the relationship of between heat release rate and temperature of ceiling was given. And the relationships among the ratio CO/CO₂, heat release rate, CO production rate were also studied.Then, the effect of ventilation on the combustion behavior of upholstered furniture was studied, and the relationship of peak heat release rate and ventilation factor was analyzed.Using the FDS field simulation method, fire properties of typical upholstered furniture in enclosure and large space were studied. From the comparison of the results of the experiments and that of the theoretical calculation, peak heat release rate by the FDS modeling calculated was consistent with that got by practical measurements. And fire dynamics and heat feedback could be modeled very well in enclosure.The data derived from bench-scale tests and full-scale tests were applied to validate the applicability of classic predictive correlation models to upholstered furniture purchased in our market. The error was analyzed. In article, based on the Thomas model, forecast models of peak heat release rate were separately produced in enclosure and large space. The results by forecast model were allowed to obtain a higher precision than that by classic predictive correlation models.