| Water is the source of human life. According to the development of global social economy and the increase of population, the competition for water resources has become an international political issue. During the process of industrialization and urbanization in our Nation, the problem of the pollution of water resources has become increasingly serious. The lack of water resource has become one of the most significant problems that is an obstacle to sustainable development.This essay has launched a comprehensive, systematic and multi-dimensional research to the water pollution treatment in China according to the theories such as industrial economics, technology economics, environmental economics and sustainable development theory etc. and by the collection of a wealth of information and related data as well as empirical analysis and comparative research methods.It has been found, according to the studies, that since 1970s, the environmental protection industry has been listed by our government as an important setcor for pollution control, environmental quality improvement and the promotion of economic and environmental development. However, as being restricted by various elements such as the low level of awareness, the slow development of economy and low technical level, the current environmental protection model of China is still based on "treatment" . Even though source control has been put forward, in practice, the methods of "cleaning up after pollution" or "cleaning up while pollution" are usually used, especially in the water resource control, which is as a critical part of environmental protection industry and has lagged far behind the developed countries.In the new situation of studying and practicing the idea of scientific development, we believe that a new concept of "water pollution prevention and control industry" should be introduced, which stresses a development model based on "prevention and control". Around this new concept, we have systematically discussed the definition, content, industrial characteristics and classification of water pollution prevention and control industry as well as its composition and its technical composition. We have analysed the problems and constraints occurred in the development of water pollution prevention and control industry and proposed our suggestions on the methods, policies and legal regulations for promoting the development of such industry.To the problem that our industrial technology being relatively backward, we went to the United States specially for the investigation into the application cases of "BST" acid mine water treatment technology in the United States, which is of the world's advanced level and has the feature of low cost, quick effect and easy to promote etc. Through the cooperation with domestic research institutes, the technology innovation of such technique and the experiments on domestic sewage treatment have been carried out. As responded well, it has been proven that biological environment technology is the main technique that should be vigorously promoted and advocated in the water pollution prevention and control industry.On the basis of the experience of developed countries, the idea of optimizing the development of water pollution prevention and control industry has been proposed: through the use of economic, technological and legal methods, starting from the regulation of market order and the improvement of technical level of the industry, to establish and perfect the policy and legal system that can promote the development of water pollution prevention and control industry, to build up a new investment and financing mechanism that involves the government investment, private investment and foreign capitals jointly, to create a product and technical standard system that not only meets international standards but also has Chinese characteristics, and to improve the public awareness of water pollution prevention and control while increasing their participation. |
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