Natural Disasters And Disaster Relief Measures In Central And Western Regions Of Inner Mongolia During Ming And Qing Dynasty

The relationship between man and nature is the basic issue of the history of scientific. Nature, including the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere,is composed of ecosystems.It provides a basic condition for human survival and development and affects all aspects of human social activities. Any changes of nature beyond the human capacity will bring natural disasters. Meanwhile,the unconscious or conscious human activities would be devastating for the natural environment, and increase the extent of the disaster. Humans can only live in harmony with nature in order to coordinate development. Man and nature constitute the interdependence and contradictory unity of the world's ecosystems. Changes of nature and the corresponding dynamic role of human will be the important research in the relationship between man and nature, and the important historical evidence of the development of scientific thought. Research into the history of natural disasters is a multi-disciplinary research content. The development history between man and nature further reflects the changes and trends of scientific thought, and is the important data in the history of scientific thought.Central and western regions of Inner Mongolia in northern China border, locates in a fragile ecological environment pastoral belt.Natural evolution is closely related to human survival. We must know its history to deeply understand the region natural disasters today. In this paper, the regional natural disaster and relief measures during the Ming and Qing Dynasty: according to experts discuss,I summary geology,topography,climate,vegetation and other environmental conditions, have a detailed analysis of the causes,characteristics and impact of frequent natural disasters, trying to show the basic process of natural disasters; then on the basis of historical materials and expert works,I have a in-depth study on the effects and limitations of the relief measures implementation. This paper has six parts: Introduction:research background of disaster and disaster relief in central and western of Inner Mongolia during Ming and Qing Dynasty. Mainly described the dynamic in domestic and international research, and on the meaning, purpose, methodologies,and the innovation of this paper, there may be gaps and research programs.Chapterâ… :Natural background of the central and western Inner Mongolia. Overview of natural formation in geological period and changes of the natural environment in human cultural period, describe the basic characteristics of the natural environment in details.Chapterâ…¡:Profile natural disasters in central and western Inner Mongolia during Ming and Qing Dynasty. First account of natural disasters from Qin Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, and then have basic summary on disaster types and sorted of Ming and Qing Dynasty.Chapterâ…¢:Natural disasters analysis in central and western Inner Mongolia during the Ming and Qing Dynasty. There are frequent natural disasters in Ming and Qing.Through a lot of data, summarized the causes,characteristics and effects of natural disasters in this period.Chapterâ…£:Disaster relief measures and impact in central and western Inner Mongolia during the Ming and Qing. First of all introduce brief understanding on disasters of all society levels during the Ming and Qing, focusing on disaster prevention and relief measures at that time, and further explore the actual effect on the relief measures. The impact of relief measures in historical period is reflected in many ways,and relief measures have important practical needs.Conclusion:Through research the historical data of natural disasters in the region during Ming and Qing Dynasty, present the history of scientific thought on the view of theory and technic.Through contact with the regional nature and human society, we can explore the contents of an attempt to understand the changes in the natural environment impact on human society, as well as the natural reaction of human society. Through the human society's response to natural disasters and the constant struggle,we can absorb the natural human experience and lessons of life, reveal the positive human impact of scientific and technological progress, and think the regional nature and society reflection.