Research On The Treatment Of Haihe River And The Process Of Tianjin Port Space Shifting In Modern Times

The silting and floods of Haihe River were the most important natural factors, which influenced the Tianjin urban planning and construction, trade, and Marine, especially the silting played a great role,on space shifting of Tianjin Port.In Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasty times, Beijing was the capital. The Canal was the lifeline of the capital, controlling principle was"protecting the water transport". In this time Tianjin Port tended to transfer from Hexiwu to Sanchakou, as result of the silting of the north canal.In 1860 Tianjin opened, Tianjin became the north economic center, was large economic trading port, import and export trade huge increased. In the period, the Haihe River silt increased. Meanwhile, Tianjin Port throughput soared, ship tonnage was growing fast, draft depth increased, larger ships could not dock, Tanggu gradually became Tianjin unloading WaiGang. The Haihe River is iced 3 months of winter every year, it already cannot satisfy the shipping demand, so Chinese and foreign conducted a series of management activities in modern times.The main government institutions, such as Haiho Conservancy Commission, Commission for the Improvement of the River System of Chili, and North China River Commission, who conducted kinds of water conservancy engineering.Although management engineering had certain effect, but the natural conditions of Haihe River still insufficient long-term development requirements of ports, downtown Tianjin Port declined, estuary Tanggu Newport gradually rised.