Study Of The Accident Modalities And The Protective Methods About Motorcycle, Bicycle, Pedestrian Collisions

It is one of the new important aspects to study the collisions between motorcycle, bicycle, pedestrian and vehicles in the world. In our country, there are such inclement facts that the people killed in motorcycle collision, bicycle collision and pedestrian collision are more than the people killed in cars at accident. So it is very important to develop the study and analysis of the accident modalities about motorcycle collision, bicycle collision, pedestion collision and preventing injury.This paper analyses and dicusses the proplems about epidemiological methods on collision accidents and the collision biomechanics, and roundly works over the kinematic characteristics, the epidemiological distributing rules and the human injury mechanism about the collision accidents between motorcycles, bicycles, pedestrians and vehicles.According to the impact characteristics between pedestrian and vehicle, based on the danymic theory of multi-body and mathematical method, this paper analyses the kinematic states and responding characteristics, simutats and amalyses the impact test of vehicle-pedestrian by using the multi-body models of vehicle-pedestrian built. The results are obtained that there are different test results in different velocities, different vehicle types and different vehicle foreparts. These results can lend us to find the measures and methods for reducing pedestrian injuries, and provide the theory basis for the study of protective methods.According to the problem discussed in the paper, the impact theory based on Hertz rule is analysed and expanded to ensure that can be used to solve-the impact problem between a boll and a large deflection plate. Based on all requirements of EEVC, a mathmatic model and a finite element model about the headform and the engine hood are built and validated by the headform impactor tests. Simulate calculations show that the FEA model achieves good agreement with the test results. The values of HIC are calculated under different conditions by simulating the impact between head and engine hood using both mathematic model and FEA model built above. The factors influence HIC and their means to do that are summarized which include the position of impact, the thickness of the hood, curvature radius of the hood, the length of the hood and the material of the hood and so on. Finally, according to the analysises and discusses above, some new structures of hood and new safety equipments are given for reducing and perverting pedestrian head injury.