Research On The Pattern And The Method Of The Project Management Of Highway Construction

In this article the focus is the study of the project management patternand the methods of highway construction. With the basis on a detailedanalysis of the domestic and international theoretical research and theirapplication, such research as the organization management patterns of theproject of highway construction, the administration pattern applied by thegovernment to the project of highway construction, the projectmanagement methodology of highway construction, the method of tenderand appraisal of bids for the project of highway construction, and thetechnology of the random network plan of highway engineering werecarried out.â… . Organization management patterns for various projects of highwayconstruction were studied and analyzed in a systematical way. The ThirdParty's characteristics of the Consultant entrusted commonly both by theEmployer and the Contractor of the management pattern of the FIDICprojects were demonstrated. The appraisal and the selection criteria forthe project management pattern of highway construction have were putforward. The satisfaction ranking of the appraisal indexes to themanagement pattern for various kinds of highway projects were provided.With the basis of the above the application range, the external conditionand the operating mechanism for the management pattern of different projects were worked out from the combination of the uniformity anddiversity principles.â…¡. As far as the characteristics of the quasi-public goods of highwaywere concerned, the nature, the position and the role of the government inthe project management of highway construction and the government'sadministration principle for highway construction projects wereillustrated. The government's administration is a macro-control patternwith the basis of the market. When the function of the government wasanalyzed, the combination of stipulating demands and optimizing supplywere suggested as far as the contradiction between supply and demand inthe supervising consultation market was concerned. The macro-controlpolicy was put forward through the optimization of supply to stimulatedemands.â…¢. The methodology for the project management of highwayconstruction which is based on the total project management wasprovided. The definition for the total project management was given, thefeatures and the requirement for the total progress control, totalinformation management and total risk control were analyzed, and thescientific project management of highway construction being the totalproject management demonstrated. In order to meet the goal for the totalproject management the design and the development concepts of themanagement system aided with computers were brought forward so as to ensure the integrity of the system function and to promote themanagement in the system. The system requirement and the integrationdesign were carried out as the requirement for the total control of quality,progress, cost, contract, information and risk for highway construction isconsidered.â…£. That invitation for bids is the demand of the market at animperfect competition market and the buyer's market was put forward.The option pattern for the bidding method in which the transactions costswas considered has been built. The influence of the open bidding,invitation for bids and the negotiation tendering on the construction costand the transactions costs were analyzed with the above taken intoconsideration. When all are compared, it shows that the open bidding willbe beneficial to the reduction of the construction cost, but it will increasethe transactions costs. Therefore, the tendering and bidding, the appraisaland the awarding bids on the internet should be the condition for openbidding. The invitation for bids should be based on prequalification. Thenegotiation tendering should be set in a perfect competition market. Theprinciple and the method for computing the base price according to thelaw of price, demand and competition were established. The computingpattern of the evaluated price for construction bidding with theconsideration of bidding price, construction terms and the opportunitycost of capital, the analysis pattern for unbalanced pricing and the pattern for comprehensive appraisal of bids were provided, Based on utilitymaximization theory, it was proven from mathematics that the bidappraising method for the lowest evaluated price should be used inconstruction tendering, while the bid appraising method for high qualityand favorable price must be adopted in the such items as design,supervision, technical consultation and project managerial service. Thismethod should be the precondition for realizing the maximum utility ofdesign, supervision, technical consultation, and project managerialservice. The computing pattern and method for bidding appraisal ofturnkey projects in which the project the life-cycle cost was based andthe maximum of the investment returns was regarded as the goal havebeen put forward.â…¤. The random factors influencing the construction of highwayconstruction is classified into two categories, one being the law ofperiodical change in nature and the other without any rules to trace. As tothe former one, the computer emulation technology can be applied todetermine the length of time that rain and climate have an impact on theprogress of highway construction when the weather statistical data isbased upon. The traditional technology of PERT was improved and a setof the network planning technology of highway construction influencedby many random climate factors set up. The concept and the computingmethod for a project least impacted by climate and the construction term of a project which is the shortest and the started time optimized were putforward, and in the meantime the concept and the method to a work forthe optimization of the started time and of the finished time suggested.The coefficient of delay for the influence from rain on different kinds ofthe progress of highway construction was determined. In order to realizethe computer aided progress management, the programming of theprocess diagram for computer application was advanced.