Research On Three-Dimension Simulation Of Building Fire Evacuation

Nowadays, building becomes huger structure and more complex layout. When designer makes the fire safety project, he will encounter the problems, such as huge crowd flow. How to ensure evacuees get away from the fire environment safely? This problem has become an important research filed in fire safety engineering.Since 1950s, many researchers had engaged in the evacuation study, and many significant evacuation models have been established. However, the fire evacuation is a problem with three factors, evacuee, structure and fire. All these factors influence each other. And so, no perfect one has been brought out. Moreover, human behavior is another difficulty to simulate. Many researches show that it is always the most important study filed.To solve those problems described above, a new model established, which is named GAEvac(Geometric Agent Evacuation Model), and many further researches about this model also carry out:1. Two common methods, gird method and topology method are analyzed and topology method is applied. The building plan is extracted into a network which comprises many nodes, and every node denotes a subspace. All geometric information is saved in subspace node.2. Human behavior model is established based on task Agent system. In evacuation, building structure, obstructs and other evacuee, all those factors would change personnel's evacuate route. So an evacuee must decide a temporary destination in every step. By this way, evacuee's mental and behavior can be simulated effectively and system's burden is also lightened.3. A simulation software based on GAEvac is developed. Three experiments, flow rate experiment, velocity change experiment, evacuation route and RSET experiment are designed to validate the model's veracity and applicability. The results show that GAEvac is more close to reality, and software based on GAEvac can be applied in practical projects. 4. A three-dimension simulation software named GAEvac3D is developed, which can be used in safety education and evacuation training.At the end of this paper, further researches are briefly discussed.