The Social Space In New Towns Of Chinese Metropolises

The developing experience of some megapolis and megacities show that to construct new towns and form multi living center is a common model for the rapid urban sprawling, and also is the main solution so far, to urban spatial disorder and house problem. With the rapid urbanization of some metropolises in china, more and more new towns are mushrooming in suburb, especially since the reform of land, house system and the rapid development of rail traffic, this trend has been getting obvious development in Peking, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Nanjing etc, which results in many outstanding problems on social space. Under this circumstance, this dissertation makes a deep analysis on the social space of new towns, just by taking the three new towns, Jiangbei, Dongshan, and Xianlin in Nanjing as examples.The research procedure includes three steps. First, come to be acquaint with the researches, theoretical and practical situation of new town construction in domestic and abroad. Second, collect related statistics data, programming material, diagram and government document of Nanjing new town. Third, form research frame. Fourth, collect data by spot investigation, data analysis, questionnaire, depth interview, etc, with the result of 902 questionnaires, 200 photographs and so on. Last, carry on a thorough research and analysis of those data to discuss and discover its' development law, inner structure and action mechanism, by using the software of SPSS, APINFO, ARCVIEW. Trough( or By) Analysing the development, evolvement and effect actor of the residential space, behavior space and space perception, the author finds out their acting mechanism, main problems and mutual relationship, and puts forward their mutual acting model in the main part. Based on this, the author points out the development law in new towns' social space in contemporary china, and its inner structure, law and mechanism; furthermore, the author gives some corresponding and reasonable policies and advices on how to plan and construct a new town in outer metropolis. All the specific contents are arranged just as follows:In introduction part, the author makes a total introduction of research background, new towns development situation of metropolis in China, and the research way, method and frame. Chapter one makes a basic introduction on new towns' construction background, history and experience, and makes a simple analysis on the research situation of social space at home and abroad, which provide a basic reference for this dissertation. Chapter two makes a total summary for those related theory, just from the angle of the theory content of city space, the change theories of urban social space and the target perspective of city space.The main part is divided into five chapters.Part one(chapter three), makes an analysis on the expanding and development process of Nanjing city, and the change situation of new town's social structure. Nanjing has three new towns, Jangbei, Dongshan, and Xianlin, which got rapid development after 2000. In fact, as early as at the beginning of the reform and opening-up policy, some industry space had developed in Dongshan and Xianlin, which greatly developed after 1990's.Part two(chapter four), analyzes the development and evolvement of residential space, with the research angle of construction mode, development stage, society evolvement and micro configuration of residential space. The author points out that the new town's construction mode and its change characteristics have obvious dissimilarity in different place and different stage, which also play an important role on new towns' follow-up development.Part three(chapter five), choosing residents' commuting situation, shopping habit as analysis points, the author makes an concrete analysis on resident's spatial behavior, time, manner and the spaces and social factors why they chose this kind of behavior. The research show that one of the main reasons why a big proportion(60%) people living in new town need to go to the main city is that the living space and working space unbalanced. Moreover, the influence of new town's construction on residents' commuting behavior, shopping behavior in new town is bigger than the influence of the residents' social characteristics.Part four(chapter six), makes an deep analysis on the factors of residents' perception and their owe appraisement, as well as the appraisement mechanism of both new towns' environment and resident's attribute. The result shows that the housing appearance and the income level both are the main influence factors to neighbourhood cognition and communication. Furthermore, the community participation has a close relation with neighbourhood cognition, migration reason, living time and income level, and the community participation and the neighbourhood communication in turn decides on a large extent residents' sense of belonging.Part five(chapter seven), makes a comprehensive study on interaction mechanism of new town social space's inner system, and the mutual role between new town social space's inner system and main city's space system, by which concludes the key problem in new town construction, and also puts forward some reasonable instruction and suggestion. The author points out that the main problem of new town social space's system in China metropolises now are: the lack of synchronization between business service, transportation, medical treatment, education and population, industry development; unbalance between living and working space; unfair between the space power distribution of landscape resources. New town space's marginalization in policy, plan and social psychology; And the problem of housing vacancy, social insulation etc, which resulted by them.Based on these, the author gives correspondent policies and suggestions from the space structure, time structure and society structure: On space structure, to make hard to avoid new town space's marginalization on policy and psycholodgy, and to do more work to maintain the fair and balance between different space power and different function space, and also to provide correspondent service and facilities just according to different resident's choice behavior; on time structure, to sick to the facility-superiority construction principle, land -protection and saving strategy; on the society structure, to increase all kinds opportunity for resident's social communication and their cognition, so as to improve their appraisement on new town space and living situation.