Research On Design Of Daylight Environment Optimization For Apartments In Beijing

This paper, through analysis on components and element of apartment-based natural daily condition, has specially planned design goals for construction of this condition in consideration of three aspects of lighting energy, heat loss and subjective comfort. The goal for design of optimization of natural daylight condition includes the main objective of meeting requirements on integral and sustainable development of economy, society and environment, which will eventually build an architectural design mode rapidly transferring from type design to functional design by integration and optimization of difference structures within the system. The design method for building multiple-objectives optimization of natural daylight condition on aforesaid basis will correspondingly promote coordination between lighting energy, heat loss and users'subjective comfort. This may contribute to unification of design ideas of architectural type and physical conditions.Research on apartment-based natural daylight condition can not be separated from study on natural daylight climate. Mode of expression and application of Monthly Standard illumination is used to better increase guiding contribution of research results of natural daylight climate for initiate design phase and architects as the subject of basic systematic study. Both heat loss index and distribution of indoor lighting factor are greatly affected by types of building and windows, resulting we have to simulate lighting effect and heat loss index of rooms with different area and type of windows by relevant software products. Architects may adequately understand rules of effects of architecture type against lighting energy and heat loss by our research. However, lighting energy and heat loss have to be considered when considering integral design of such two conflicted goals since change of types may lead to failure of direct comparison between aforesaid aspects. It is very difficult to make balanced judgment between them. The concept of lighting energy efficiency given in this paper uses change rate of lighting factor and heat loss as the judgment basis to evaluate comprehensive effect of changing type of buildings against environment performance, by which architects may make independent judgment in consideration of specific conditions. Human is the main body of living environment and designers of apartment-based natural daylight condition must greatly eye on visual perception of livers. Semantic Differential Scale method is used to experimentally study subjective perception of different area and type of windows and we finally get rules of effect of individual difference of livers and different type/location of windows against livers'subjective perception at the end of this article.The final goal of optimization of natural daylight condition is to build an improved design idea or theory for optimization actions. Multiple-objectives method is used in this article to get the value range of window's type gained by the system under the maximum lighting factor when heat loss index is a fixed value. Furthermore, concept of lighting energy efficiency is also used to get relatively optimized solution of relationship of heat loss and lighting factor of buildings where idea and method of design optimization of natural daylight condition are successfully developed.