Effect Of Varieties And Cultivation Techniques On Maize Yield And Silage Quality

The experiment was conducted in Lin Xi and Chi Feng of Inner Mongolia in 2008 and 2009, which studied the effect varieties and planting density, mixed seeding, fertilizing and harvesting dates on yield and quality of silage. The results showed as below:1. Plant height, leaf length, leaf width, yellow leaf, green leaf, leaf weight, stem weight, spike weight and yield were analysised. The results showed that yield is the first principal component, plant height is the second principal components. With clustering analysis, 43 corn varieties are gathered into four groups.2. Fermentation quality of Keduo 8 was best, its pH value and buffering capacity were the lowest, lactic acid and water-soluble carbohydrate of herbage were the highest, and ADF and NDF of silage was lower.3. Forage nutritive quality of whole plant corn changed, and acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber and ethertract increased significantly, crude protein and water-soluble carbohydrates decreased. Ensiling reduced herbage's nitrate and nitrite. Combining the yield, fermentation, nutrition parameters, nitrate and nitrite, 80 000 plant/hm~2 was the ideal planting density.4. Zhongbei 410 and peas were sowed in different sowing rates, CP content of 410 2.5 kg and peas 3 kg were the highest, ADF and NDF were the lowest. Zhongbei 410 and oddersoy bean were sowed in different sowing rates, yield of 410 2kg and oddersoy bean 4kg were the highest.5. Special silage corn of Keduo 8 and Astragalus adsurgens were mixed and silaged. With the proportion of Astragalus adsurgens Pall. increasing, pH and the crude protein content would increase as well, while the neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fiber had a descending trend. The content of lactic acid of corn mixed with Astragalus adsurgens 1:1 treatment was highest. The mixed silage could raise the amino acid content of the silage. The aflatoxin of treated silages were higher than those of raw silage respectively, while the zearalenone, nitrite, nitrate were lower. The influence of silage on inorganic elements like lead, arsenic, chromium was not significant. These results indicated that nutrient and amino acid content of the mixed silage of corn mixed with Astragalus adsurgens 1:1 treatment were relatively high and less poisonous elements were contained, which was the ideal mixed silage treatment.6. Yield of Keduo 8 fertilized N 750 kg/m~2 and 30000 kg/m~2 organic fertilizer treament was the highest. Water-soluble carbohydrate of herbage and the buffering capacity were lowest. The plants height and yield of Longdan 13 of fertilized N 750 kg/m~2 and diammonium phosphate 225 kg/m~2 treatment were highest.7. The yield of irrigate water 2070.30 m~3/ hm~2, fertilize urea 225 kg/hm~2 treatment was highest, as much as 87229.87 kg/hm~2. The yield and silage quality of the treatment of irrigate water 2070.30 m~3/hm~2, fertilize urea 225 kg/hm~2 was the best combination.8. Yield of maize varieties in the harvesting dates showed same trend, premilk stage > late milk stage > flowering stage. The pH and buffer capacity of premilk stage were hightest, the DM and WSC of herbage were the highest, ADF and NDF was the lowest. The CP content of premilk stage were the highest, ADF and NDF was the lowest, the nitrite content were the lowest. Premilk stage was the ideal harvesting dates.