The Experimental Study On Mechanized Conservation Tillage System In Two Crops A Year Region

According to the general problems of crop production in Center China regions with two crops a year, such as the absence of water resource, the worsened eco-environment, the serious soil erosion and the high cost of the produce, And the lower water utilization efficient, for accelerating the technological reform of traditional tillage system, a deep and systematical study on Mechanization Conservation Tillage that popularizing in west developed countries is conducted in the paper to explore a new way developing high yield, high benefit, high quality, high efficient lower energy consumption and water-saving agriculture.The sowing quality, seedling moisture and grain yield, and the soil bulk, moisture content, fertilizer capability, and soil fovea rate and the soil round particle's water stability under the different tillage system are measured and analyzed.The results show that the sowing quality is the main factor influencing the winter wheat yield, the seedling rate of no-tillage system with mulch, deep-looseness system with mulch ,plowing system with mulch and the convention tillage system is 71 % 64% 63% and 73% respectively. The seedling rate of the no-tillage system is just the same as that of the convention system, because of its plain surface. The seedling rate of the deep looseness system and the ploughing system is less than the convention tillage system, which needs to be cautioned and improved. The plant height, growth vigour of conservation tillage system are better than those of conventional tillage, the moisture content of the wheat is 1-4% more than that of conventional tillage wheat. In every growing time, whether the individual or population development of the winter wheat and the summer maize is well and the yield of conservation tillage are higher than that of conventional tillage.With the same yield, the conservation tillage system can save water 33mm; this will play an important role for improving the water level under the soil.The mechanism of the water saving of the conservation tillage are studied and analyzed. The model of water and heat simulation of the soil is built, and the parameter of water and heat of the soil are measured. The new software has realized the simulation of the water and heat of soil. Also it can be used to simulate the permeability of the soil by a little improvement.The preliminary result indicates that the mechanization conservation farming system can achieve great benefit in economy, ecology and society; it needs to be researched and largely be extended in the center China.