| Arong Qi is the main agricultural area in northeastern Inner Mongolia.Spring drought has become a major factor limiting local agricultural and economic development.How to take water conservation measures to improve soil water-heat and crop yield has become an urgent problem to be solved locally.This paper uses soybean as the test material to carry out field positioning experiments,application of Polyacrylamide(PAM),Super Absorbent Polymers(SAP),No-tillage(M),Straw mulching(TS),Plastic film mulching(TP),TP plus application of PAM(TPP),TS plus application of PAM(TSP),TS plus application of SAP(TSS)and TP plus application of SAP(TPS)on soil moisture and temperature in dry farmland and its effects on soybean physiological characteristics and yield,with a view to it provides a theoretical basis for the scientific research of soybean field storage in dry farming areas.Main conclusions are as follows:(1)Compared with traditional tillage(CK),the soil water retention effect of PAM and SAP increased with the increase of application rate,the water content during the growth period is between 10.31%and 26.85%and the soil water storage under SAP treatment is better than PAM treatment,the water use efficiency(WUE)is between 9.17 and 11.11 kg/(mm·hm2).The yield of each treatment was higher than CK,and the overall yield was 26.56%?65.51%higher than that of CK.The water content and yield of 0?100cm soil under water-retaining materials were significantly positively correlated.(2)Different cover farming methods can improve soil hydrothermal conditions.The soil temperature during the whole growth period showed a certain cooling effect when treated with M and TS,TP treatment shows the dual effect of increasing and decreasing temperature,the total water content in 0?100cm soil varies from 8.26%to 23.00%,and TS and TP treatments have relatively good water retention effect,the yield of 3282.62kg/hm2 reached the highest during TS treatment,and the difference between the treatment yields was significant.The soil temperature of 0?20cm in the whole growth period was significantly negatively correlated with the soil moisture in the same depth soil layer,the conservation measures were conducive to calming the fluctuation of soil temperature.(3)Regulation of cover farming methods and water conservation measures can promote soybean growth.The water content in the soil from 0 to 100 cm in the whole growth period is between 9.68%and 25.76%,soil water consumption is relatively high but the difference between treatments is not obvious,WUE varies between 10.42?12.30kg/(mm·hm2).There are differences in the growth rate of soybean dry matter at different growth stages,and the effect of each treatment on its total amount is TSP>TSS>TPP>TPS.Plant height,stem diameter and LAI reached the highest at the pod-forming stage;TSS treatment could significantly increase the yield of dry crop soybeans(3845.24kg/hm2).There was a significant positive correlation between soil moisture and yield,and the yield was significantly affected by soil moisture.(4)When the water-retaining material is applied alone,the application amount of PAM is 67.5kg/hm2 or the application rate of SAP is 90kg/hm2,and SAP is better than PAM.The effect of TS and TP alone is better than that of M,and the water use efficiency of TS treatment is higher.TSS is the final preferred farming method. |
PDF Full Text Request