| Adaptability analysis of CIMMYT wheat and Chinese wheat will provide information on the adaptation of various germplasm in certain location, enhancing the efficacy of wheat breeding program and speeding up the spreading of new varieties. Ten CIMMYT wheat and 15 Chinese spring wheat varieties were grown at 11 locations in China, four growing environments in CIMMYT Obregon in 2000-01 and 2001-02. The results are presented below.1. Days to heading of Chinese varieties was a little longer than those of the CIMMYT varieties, while basically the same except for the influence of varieties originated from Heilongjiang. Chinese wheat performed fast grain filling rate and early maturity in CIMMYT environment. CIMMYT wheat varieties are characterized with high spike number (540 spike/m ), grain number per spike (34), high yield potential (5.7 t/ha), kernel hardness (81) and SDS-Sedimentation value (13.6ml), but low value on plant height (79cm), thousand kernel weight (37.5 g), protein content (13.3%) and RVA starch pasting parameters. The fast grain filling rate, early maturity, big kernel size of Chinese wheat could be used in the improvement of CIMMY wheat. The varieties that originated from Heilongjiang province are characterized with tall plant height (107cm) and spike number (528 spike/m2), but relative lower grain number per spike (32), and thousand kernel weight (35.8 g), and thus low yield (4.6 t/ha), but high kernel hardness (84), protein content (14.4%), SDS-Sedimentation value (14.5ml) and good RVA starch pasting parameters. While except for the influence of the varieties originated from Heilongjiang, the other Chinese wheat are characterized with high plant height (88 cm) and thousand kernel weight (43.7 g), but lower spike number (492 spike/m2), grain number per spike (33), kernel hardness (57%), SDS-Sedimentation (12.9ml), and medium protein content (13.5%), RVA starch pasting parameters. The high spike numbers, grain numbers per spike, high yield potential, and good industrial quality of CIMMYT wheat could be used in the improvement of Chinese wheat.2. Cluster analysis indicated that the tested environments could be classified well into groups based on days to heading, plant height, yield, kernel hardness and whole mill protein content. And based on the differential yield response of the wheat cultivars, it could be classified into 3 factor regions, the main influencing environmental factors might be water availability and photosensitivity. The first cluster consisted of sites of Harbin, Keshan in Heilongjiang province, with low yield (4.2 t/ha), medium protein content (14.2%), SDS-sedimentation value (13.7 ml) and kernel hardness, but low peak viscosity (1868 cp). The second cluster consisted of sites of Huhhot in Inner Mongolia province, Lanzhou and Wuwei in Gansu province, Yongning in Ningxia province, Xining in Qinghai province, and CIMMYT irrigated bed planting, irrigated melgas, and restricted irrigation bed planting environment with medium to high yield (5.5 t/ha), high kernel hardness (71), but low protein content (13.3%), SDS-Sedimentation value (13.0 ml), and medium peak viscosity (2062 cp). While the third cluster consisted of Hejing and Wrumuqi in Xinjiang province, and CIMMYT late planting environment with high yield (6.6 t/ha), high protein content (13.9%), SDS-Sedimentation value (14.8IIIml) and peak viscosity (2286 cp).3. Factors analysis and partial least squares (PLS) indicated that traits are influenced by different environmental factors. Days to maturity was mainly affected by sun hours from sowing to heading, the relative humidity from sowing to maturity and from heading to maturity. Yield was mainly affected by the relative humidity and sun hours from sowing to heading, as well as the relative humidity from sowing to harvest. Protein content was mainly affected by the relative humidity in the first ten days one month before the harvest, the average temperature from sowing to heading and the average minimum temperature from heading to maturity. Whi...
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