Studies On Zinc, Zinc And Molybdenum, Zinc And Boron Nutritive Physiology Of Balsam Pear(Momordica Charantia)

1 Zinc Nutritive Physiology of Balsam pear1.1 Effects of zinc on carbon metabolism and its enzymes activities in leaves of balsam pearThe results showed that the control plants under low zinc (effective zinc content 0.45 mg-kg"1) exhibited a lower contents of sucrose, soluble sucrose ,starch and zinc, lower activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS). However, the activities of amylase, acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI) in leaves were higher in CK than in other treatments. The statistic result showed that there was a significant correlation between physiological properties, such as sucrose, soluble sucrose , starch, zinc contents, CA, SPS, amylase, AI and NI activities in leaves of balsm pear.1.2 Effects of zinc levels on polyamines(PAs) and active oxygen metabolism in leaves of balsam pearThe results showed that the control plants under low zinc (effective zinc content 0.45mg kg-1)exhibited an increasing of malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and autoxidation rate(AOR) in leaves and a decrease of polyamines (PAs), putrescine(Put), spermidine(Spd), spermine (Spm), ascorbic acid (ASA) contents , superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) activities. Application of Zn raised the ability of anti-oxidant of balsam pear leaves and postponed the senescence of plants. The results also showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between MDA and AOR, a significant and a very significant negative correlation with PAs, Put, ASA contents, SOD, POD, CAT activities.1.3 Effects of zinc levels on endogenous hormone and nitrogen metabolism in leaves of balsam pearThe results showed that zinc application could increase IAA, GAs, protein, nuclear contents and NRase activity, but decrease tryptophane, nitric nitrogen (NOT), free ammonic acids contents (FAA) and RNase activity in leaves of plants. The results also showed that there was a significant positive correlation between protein contents and nuclear contents, NRase, but a significant negative correlation with NO3-, FAA and RNase, and a significant negative correlation between tryptophane contents and IAA, GA3, contents and RNase activity. The reason for the effect of zinc on IAA and nitrogen metabolism was discussed.1.4 Effects of zinc levels on yield and qualitiesThe results showed that application of ZnS04 7H2O with doses of 2 and 3 kg in 667m2 in zinc deficient soil could significantly increase yields of balsam pear, i. e. 16. 23% to 17.18% . and the contents of 17 sorts of amino acids, especially the contents of essential amino acids for human body, and also raised the contents of protein, Vc, but decrease the NOs-N contents in balsam pear. So the vegetable qualilies were improved.2 Zinc and molybdenum nutritive physiology of balsam pearEffects of zinc and molydenum nutritions on yields and Quality , nitrogen and active oxygen metabolism in leaves of balsam pear (ZAuzhou Changbai) were studied by field trial and physiological determination. The results showed that application of ZnSO4 7MK1,3g L-1) and Za2Mo04 2H20 (1,2 g L-1) in leaves, with Zn, Mo deficient soil, could increase yields of balsam pear, and the contents of 17 sorts of amino acids, especially the contents of essential amino acids for human body, and also raised the contents of protein, Vc, but decrease the NOa-N contents in balsam pear. So the vegetable qualilies were improved. The reason was that Zn, Mo could increase protein, nuclear and PAs, Put, Spd, Spm, IAA, GAsand ASA contents and SOD, POD, CAT and NR activity, but decrease NOs, FAA.MDA, ABA contents , AOR and RNase activity in leaves, which inhibit membrane lipid peroxidation.. The results also showed that there was a significant positive correlation between yield and NR, PAs, Put, GA3, SOD, POD, CAT; protein contents and nuclear contents in leaves; MDA and AOR, ABA. but a significant negative correlation between yield and RNase, MDA ,ABA; protein contents and FAA, RNase ; nuclear contents and RNase ; MDA and PAs, Put, Spd, Spm, IAA, GAa, ASA, SOD, POD...