The Study On Nutritional Value And Biological Function Of Locust

The purpose of this article is to exploit a new food resource, separate it's functional compositions, study physical and chemical properties and estimate their function of these composition. The article analyzed and appraised 10 locusts on contents, composition and nutritional value of protein, lipin, mineral elements by ICP, amino acid automatic machine, GC, SDS-PAGE, animal test. The article researched composition, contents, extraction, isolation, physical and chemical properties and biological function of locusts' essential fatty acid, phospholipids and flavonoids. The paper primarily researched how to obtain functional peptide by enzyme hydrolyzing proteins of locust.This paper detected the contents of 10 locusts' proteins, amino acids, grease, mineral elements. The results showed that there were abundant proteins, the contents of which were all more than 50g/100g dry weight, even contents of 7 locusts' protein were over 60g/100g dry weight. The ratios of 8 essential amino acids to total amino acids were about 35%. Locust was a food resource with low fat. Locust had abundant unsaturated fatty acid, even the contents of essential fatty acid were over 50%(linoleic acid, linolenic acid). There were rich mineral elements, the contents of Ca, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se were high.This paper firstly applied the method of protein classifying to locust protein, evaluated protein nutritional value of 10 locusts by FAO/WHO protein standard pattern. The results showed that the content of the protein which can dissolved in water was more 40%, the contents of essential amino acids and total indexes of amino acid were all over the protein standard pattern of FAOAVHO. So locust protein was a high quality food resource, with good exploiting prospect.The article researched the extraction of protein, grease, phospholipids and flavonoids, even applied ultrasonic to some material extraction, and achieved good results. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions of Acrida cinerea (Thunberg) water dissolved protein were as follows: the ratio of locust/solvent (g/mL) was 1/15, pH of solution was 7.6, the NaCl concentration in the extractive reagent was 1.0% and the extraction time was 4 hours. Obtained the optimal conditions of ultrasonic processing and CM extraction, it was under the conditions (ultrasonic intensity 500W, treatment time 3 sec, treatment times 120) that extraction rate of Oxya chinensis(Thunberg) lipid was better. The optimum extraction conditions of Oxya chinensis (Thunberg) phospholipid were: extraction time 6h, the temperature of dipping in the acetone 30°C, time of dipping 3h, the ratio of the sample and the acetone 500mL/1g. The results showed that it was under the conditions (pH of solution 7.66, heating temperature 45 °C, heating time 40min) that extraction efficiency of locust SOD was better. Methanol had preferable extraction effect for flavonoids and the optimum technological condition was dipping dried locust in methanol with the scale 1:30 of raw material and solvent for 24h and 3 times.This paper firstly researched extraction, isolation and composition of locust phospholipids. It showed that the content of phospholipids was 7.85%, which were comprise of lecithin(75.0%), cephalin(11.3%) and sphingolipids(8.13%) by separating and purification with organic solvent and column chromatogram.This paper firstly obtained SOD, from Oxya chinensis (Thunberg) studied physical and chemical properties and affecting activity factors of SOD. The extraction activity was over 38000U with good application value. The SOD had two subunits with 16000Da, each subunit had one copper ion and one zinc ion. The activity of locust SOD wasn't easily affected by pH and temperature, but the activity was distinctly inhibited by H₂O₂ and KCN. All the results showed that locust SOD was a Cu, Zn-SOD.This paper firstly discovered high content flavonoids in locusts, the highest was 2014mg/100g in Oxya chinensis (Thunberg) the lowest was 293.2mg/100g in Oedaleus infernalis Saussure. The flavonoids were obtained in Oedaleus infernalis Saussure by organic solvent extraction and column chromatogram.The paper primarily researched how to obtain functional peptide by enzyme hydrolyzing locust's proteins. The results showed that the hydrolysats was with obvious antioxidation activity by Alcalase, the inhibition ratio of pyrogallol autooxidation was over 40%.The biological function of locust flavonoids and grease were evaluated by animal tests. The results showed that the Oxya chinensis (Thunberg) grease could obvious increased animal weight, the content of HDL-C in serum, identification and correction ability of animal, and effectively decreased the content of TG, TC and LDL-C in serum and AI. Those concluded that Oxya chinensis (Thunberg) grease could advance animal growth, inhibit animal's hyperlipemia and arterioseclerosis, and improve animal's memory ability. The total flavonoids of Oxya chinensis (Thunberg) could increased the content of HDL-C and the activities of SOD, GSH-PX and CAT in tested animals' blood,...