Study On Forest Landscape And Environmental Effects In Guangzhou City Based On GIS

As the urbanization boost the economic development, serious environmental problemis also followed, which evokes people's recognition. Constructing ecological city is thetendency of development. AS the advanced typical area, Guangzhou has published the《Guangzhou Ecological City Planning Outline》. Taking "green Asian Olympic Games" asthe turning point, Guangzhou comes across a rare opportunity.This thesis analyzes the landscape pattern of land use and forest of ten districts in Guangzhou city. The research is developed on basis of Remote Sensing(RS) technique and Geographical Information System(GIS) technique, and directed by sustainable development theory, landscape ecology, and urban ecology. The relationship between forest spatial distribution and ecological environment is also studied. Finally, some countermeasures are produced. Through overall analysis and discussion, the following conclusions were followed.1. Guangzhou is a high urbanized metropolis. The landscape pattern of land use in typical area presents the tendency of radiation from old centers to suburb owning to human disturbance, landscape diversity and heterogeneity increase.2. There is imbalance in the location of different forest patch types. Forest land type is the dominant landscape, their area accounts for 87.35% of the total vegetation area. Forest land is mainly located in Huadu and Baiyun districts. In those two areas, the average area is bigger, and the change of area is bigger too. The edge density, shape index and fractal dimension index is high, the patch shape is complicated, which shows that the material and the energy exchange can be carried on preferably. In the middle zones, the patch is smaller, cohesive index and aggregation index is lower. High fragmentation indexexhibits a tremendous influence from human factor. Middle zones are urbanized highly followed by serious pollution problems. The forest ecosystem service function cannot fully display. The design and rebuilding of forest land must be strengthen and more trees should be planted in order to optimize the environment to build the landscape patches, corridors and circles with the characteristic of the urban itself.3. The spatial distribution of forest is related to the qualitiy of environment. Thermal field is aggregated in the area where the forest configuration is unreasonable. Atmospheric pollution is serious with densely populated, intensive construction and lack of vegetation. The forest in the upstream of Liuxi River is protected perfectly, Correspondingly, the quality of water is the best, showing that the forest can purify the water. So, forest protection, forest distribution optimization and sewage treatment are equally important to promote the quality of environment.4. According to the analysis of relation between forest landscape and environment, measures are thus proposed to optimize the forest distribution. First, in Huadu district, the quality of existing forest land must be improved and forest belt should be arranged reasonably around the peripheral region of construction. Shelterbelt, shelterbelt network, and landscape architecture should be found. Second, in Baiyun district, water conservation forest and ecological public welfare forest should be developed and protected widely to strengthen the function of forest ecology service. Third, shelterbelt of industry area should be increased in Huangpu district and shelterbelt for pollution control enhanced in the west of the middle zones. Forest in old countries must be reconstructed. Fourth, Farmland Shelterbelt and water shelterbelt in Shawan should be built. Finally, the technique system is brought forward.