Studies On Improvement Project And Technology Of Shandong Holstein Herd

Several studies on improvement project and technologies of Holstein dairy cattle in Shandong were accomplished, which based on investigation of representative holstein herd in the suburb of Jinan City and factors analysis that affecting herd genetic improvement, applied modern computer technology, molecular biology and embryo biotechnology integratively. The results are as following:In order to meet the requirement of dairy cattle husbandry and genetic improvement in China rural area, the Cattle Breeding Management Information System by Visual FoxPro8.0 was designed. The system could accomplish herd management, cow evaluation and elite breed registration, intelligentized select mating and suggested ways of improving farm management, based on data collection and analysis of basic herd information and individual information on milk production, reproductive performance, body type score, health status, feeding and progeny performance. The application in several different scale farms shows it can improve the efficiency of farms management and cattle breeding remarkably.The genetic construction of Chinese Holstein cattle herd base on AFLP was analysed, the result showed relationships between genetic heterizygosity and production performance, functional herd life(FDL) and somatic cell count(SCC). The individuals with higher heterizygosity usually associated with higher milk yield and lower SCC and shorter FDL. To keep the genetic heterizygosity can help improve total performance of cattle herd.The best regress equations for predict performance of offspring based on the average breeding value of parents and their genetic distance are as fallows:The result showed the genetic difference between bulls and cow herds revealed by AFLP can use for predict the heterosis and performance of offspring. The new molecule marker assisted mating technology base on AFLP-DNA fingerprinting is practicable.In Shandong Holstein herd, the KK genotype in DGAT1 gene K232A associated with higher milk fat, milk protein content and lower milk yield in 305 days, on the contrary AA genotype is in opposition, and KA genotype is in the middle. The substitute additive effect of A gene for milk yield in 305 days, milk fat and milk protein was 499.6kg(P<0.01),-0.18% (P<0.01)和- 0.07% (P<0.05) respectively. The Leptin R4C locus affect milk content remarkably which RR genotype with 34kg or 30.4kg milk fat yield, 8.8kg or 20.8kg milk protein yield higher than RC or CC genotype. A is the valuable gene which substitute additive effect is increase milk fat percentage 0.25% and milk protein percentage 0.1% respectively.The strategy for Shandong Holstein herd improvement with the genetic resource abroad was gave which include: establish the Holstein dairy cattle registration and management system base on the DHI and body type score system, establish the high yield leader nuclear population by modern reproduction technology and imported genetic resource, genetic improve herd rapidly by imported elite bull semen to share the world Holstein breeding fruit, popularize progeny test bulls and select mating accord to balance breeding principle, breeding dairy cattle from scalper by two-step grading cross, set up the innovative dairy cattle and meat cattle cooperating breeding system, breeding elite bull by ourselves or cooperation, consummate national dairy breeding and breeding material management system.