Study On Extract Method And Medical Efficiency Of The Total Flavoniod Of Medicago Sativa Linn. And Secondary Metabolites Of Several Legumes Grasses

Legumes, including Astragalus sinicus, Onobrychis viciaefolia, Lotus corniculatus, Coronilla varia, Melilotus officinalis and Medicago sativa, which were abundant in secondary metabolites, were used as raw materials to study the proper procedure for making full use of the total flavoniod and increase its economic additional value. The aim of this study was to find out the optimal extraction condition using microwave-assisted and utralsonic-assisted extraction technics respectively, including one-factor experiments, which took into account ethanol concentration, microwave power , ratio of solid to liquid, treatment time, treatment temperature, and orthogonal experiments of four factors and three levels based on the results of one-factor experiments. Column chromatography and other methods were utilized to separate natural bioactive substances from Medicago sativa. At the same time the pharmacodynamics of the crude liquid extracted from Medicago sativa and the law of accumulation of flavoniod and saponin in these legumes were studied as well for the purposes of providing the theoretic foundation to set up scientific grazing- -mowing system and to extract natural bioactive substances more efficiently and utilize excellent legumes comprehensively .The results were showed as follows:The parameters of the optimized extraction condition were 40% of ethanol concentration, 1:30 of the ratio of solid to liquid, 500w of the microwave power, 60 seconds of the radiation time.Contents of the total extracted flavoniods of Onobrychis viciaefolia, Lotus corniculatus, Coronilla varia, Melilotus officinalis, Trifolium repens and Astragalus cicer were more than that of Medicago sativa var.Gannong No.3, Medicago sagiva cv. Xiniang Daye, low fiber alfalfa and white flower alfalfa. While the total extracted saponin contents of six legumes were less than that of the four alfalfas in the whole growth period.Contents of the total extracted flavoniods and saponins in these legume had significant differences in stems, leaves and flowers (p<0.01). All the speices had the same trend that more flavonoids and saponins in leaves than in stems.Onobrychis viciaefolia, Lotus corniculatus, Coronilla varia, Melilotus officinalis, Trifolium repens and Astragalus cicer could serve as the excellent materials for flavoniod extraction and also as succulence or hay because of their low saponins contents, they could be mowed when the aboveground parts reached the highest yield.After separation the natural active subatances from Medicago sativa, there were Cholestan-3-ol,2-methylene and stigmastan-3,5-diene in ethyl acetate absolute Vitamin d3 in CH3Cl absolute, and six kinds of natural active substances such as linalool oxide, carveol, D-amygdalin, retinol acetate and ethylhexyl ester dibutyl phthalate in N-butanol absolute.Liquid parts extracted from Medicago sativa could strengthen nonspecific and specific immunity of mice, which shown the direct effects to restrain bacterial, and bidirectional regulation to blood fat, and this indicated that low-dose could decrease blood fat and the rate of incidence of CHD (coronary heart disease), but high-dose increased the risk of CHD, had anti-oxidative activity, which can increase SOD activity and reduce content of MDA of livers and kidney.