Study On Assessment Of Soil Quality And Balanced Fertilization In Reclamation Areas Of Majiata

Much attention has been paid on soil quality, which now is viewed as a study core for the contemporary soil science .As a base of it, soil quality assessment becomes the important content of the soil quality studies.This research took Majiata mine area as the research object. With the foundation of well investigatied to the mine area, took the laboratory analysis on soil physical,chemical and biological indicators as a breakthrough point,used methods of variance analysis, correlation analysis, factor analysis and stepwise regression analysis, and systematic research on the basic feature of soil quality of reclamation area. were finished.Indicator system were built up, including soil physical indicator,chemical indicator and biological indicator.Weight and membership degree of all assessment indicators.According to the standard of the Majiata mineral area characteristics,the indicator graduation standard were established and carried on a assessment. Mathematical model of soil quality were built up. At the same time, study of balanced fertilization had pertinency spread.The main research results were as follows:1.Fine sand content was the most and clay content was the least in mechanical composition.Clay content of reclamation area was higher than undisturbed soil in profile(0-40 centimeter); 0.01-0.05millimeter and 0.05-0.25 millimeter content were the most in microaggregate content.Water content in topsoil was significant higher than subsoil and the water content in reclamation area was also significant higher than undisturbed soil.2.In content of soil nutrients in study areas, The whole content of basic fertility was low,effective nutrients was not enough.pH value was alkaline in study area. The content of OM,TN,AN,AP,TK,pH value and electric conductivity in reclamation areas were significantly higher than undisturbed soil,but the CEC and C/N were reverse between reclamation and undisturbed soil.3.The contents of enzyme activities,microorganism quantities and microbial biomass C(MBC),MBN,MBP in topsoil of reclamation areas were significantly higher than subsoil.the contents of enzyme activities and MBC,MBN,MBP were highest in summer.Microorganism quantities showed bacterium > self-azotification bacteria >actinomyces>fungi,among three, bacterium's quantities was most,it played a decisive role in the decomposition of OM.4.Very significant correlations were showed between clay and texture coarseness,characteristic microaggregate ratio,fine silt,buik density.The whole correlations of 11 soil chemical indicators were better,especially OM.Appetency of fine silt and coarse silt to soil chemical character was more bigger,and showed more sorption.Significant correlations were found among 4 enzyme activities and 4 microorganism,especially invertase activity.the correlations between 4 microorganism and urease was not significant. Invertase and phosphatase were effected by 4 microorganism,but catalase mostly decided actinomyces.5.17 comprehensive assessment indicators of soil quality were screened out in study area and these indicators included OM,C/N,TN,TP,TK,AK,clay,fine silt,invertase,fungi,actinomyces,pH value,bacterium,self-azotification bacteriaMBP,water content and urease. Comprehensive soil quality of reclamation area belonged to"lower"lever. Assessment model of soil quality of reclamation area were built up,which was a summarize of reclamation work.6.Experiments of increasing moisture and nutrition indicaded that sewage sludge,humic acid and sheep manure all significantly increased biomass of plant and moisture and available N P K(AN AP AK)of Substrate.The effects of three material was sheep manure>sewage sludge>humic acid.7.The tree growth speed was significantly accelerated after applying. The effects of applying compound fertilizer was better than the effects of applying the single fertilizer.Applying manure had increasement effects to three trees,so we could recommend to apply it.Seriation of three trees'sensitivity to fertilizer was S.vulgaris Ant.,Platycladus orientalis (Linn.)Franco and Pinus tabulaeformis.Factor of effecting trees growth was not only the fertilizer.It was not a easy thing to balanced fertilize in forest.