| Based on the prophase studying, four better Melilotoides ruthenica strains were chose for this study. The biological characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, drought tolerance, salt tolerance and genetic diversity of four strains were analyzed and compared. The main results were as follows:1. The biological characteristics of four M. ruthenica strains were different. Ten important indexes which affect agronomic characters were analyzed and compared. The ordination of integration performance based on these ten biology characters was: 00-61>93-21>90-36>00-81.All of four M. ruthenica strains were Diploid,2n=2x=16.2. Four M. ruthenica strains had different degree of hard seed. Using sanding treatment and 98% sulfuric acid treated the seeds of four M. ruthenica strains, the hard seed could be broken. The optimum treatment times of 98% sulfuric acid were: strain 93-21, 20min; strain 90-36, 25min; strain 00-61, 30min; strain 00-81, 40min. And by the sanding treatment, the suitable force was the key.3. Photosynthetic characteristics and photoadaptability of four strains of M. ruthenica were different. Strain 00-61and 93-21 have the potential to produce higher biomass. At the same time, strain 00-61 has the highest photoadaptability to strong light. Strain 90-36 has higher defensive ability to light inhibition damage than other three strains. Strain 00-81 has stronger shade tolerance, and has higher adaptability to weak light.4. The drought-resistance ability and the salt-tolerance ability of M. ruthenica strains were: 90-36>93-21>M. ruthenicus"Zhilixing">00-61>00-81>sickle alfalfa. The drought-resistance ability of four M. ruthenica strains in seedling stage were: 90-36>00-61>M. ruthenicus"Zhilixing">93-21>00-81>sickle alfalfa.So the ability of drought-resistance and salt-tolerance of M. ruthenica strains were higher than that of sickle alfalfa. The drought-resistance ability and the salt-tolerance ability of strain 90-36 were strongest and strain 00-81 was weakest in four M. ruthenica strains.The half-lethal density could be used as drought-resistant and salt-tolerance identification index.5. Among strains, the bands of the seed soluble proteins and seed salt soluble proteins were different in number, distribution, width, and concentration. Four strains could be identified from each other based on the appearance, lose, width and concentration of those bands.The bands of the seed salt soluble proteins were less than the seed soluble proteins, and most of different salt soluble-protein bands were weak. The repeatability of salt soluble-protein bands were lower than that of seed soluble-protein6. The majority of genetic variation of M. ruthenica occurred within strains. But the level of genetic differentiation among strains was relatively high. The genetic relationship of M. ruthenica strains revealed by biological characteristics, biochemical marker, and molecular marker was similar. That is, genetic identity of strain 00-61 and 00-81 was relatively higher, followed by strain 90-36. The genetic identity of strain 93-21, with highest genetic diversity, was lowest. The correlations among morphological biological characteristics, seed soluble-protein, RAPD and ISSR markers were significant.7. Four strains have their own specificity. According to their own specificity, variety application could be done.
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