Study On Extractive Technique And Appalication Of Functional Factors In Tricholoma Mongolicum

intercellular substances were loosed, the cell wall were broken rapidly, aim products were diffused intosolvent sharply, rate of extraction and yield were increased significantly, the optimum condition ofmicrowave treatment method was determined through orthogonal test.The extracted polysaccharides were purified by precipitain in ethanol, ion exchange chromatographyand glucan gel filtration chromatography. The materials were pretreated through limited modified extrusion,broke the tight protein structure in Tricholoma mongolicum fruiting body, the giant molecules were brokeninto small molecules, the hydrolysis was decreased, the solubility was increased, so the enzyme process waseven more easy to carry on, the hydrolysis and product yield were enhanced all. The optimum extrusiontechnique was determined though study and research.High Fischer oligopeptides of Tricholoma mongolicum were manufactured by enzymic hydrolysis intwo step method. First, Tricholoma mongolicum peptides were produced through hydrolysis in alkalinityproteinase, then the aromatic amino acids were cut away with papain, the optimum condition wasdetermined by orthogonal test. The enzymolysis products were treated in ultrafiltration method which theultrafitration membrance could catch the materials of relative molecular was 1000Da, and the products werepurified. The aromatic amino acids were adsorbed in acticarbon, and the optimum condition was determinedout, the branched chain amino acids were reserved extremely when the aromatic amino acids were adsorbed.The results as follow:1. In dried Tricholoma mongolicum fruiting body, the total carbohydrate were 47.61%, reducing sugarwere 12.77%, polysaccharides were 34.84%, protein was 37.96%, water was 8.04%, ash was 3.85%, fat was2.50%.2. During Tricholoma mongolicumω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids extraction, the rate of extractionwas affected seriously due to pressure, next was time, then was temperature, the co₂ volume was the last;the optimum technique was determined, the pressure was 25MPa, temperature was 45℃, time was 120 min.,co₂ volume was 25L·h^-1; the extraction rate of fat was 96.9%, provided good precondition formanufacturing polysaccharides and producing high Fischer value peptides.3. Compositional characteristic of Tricholoma mongolicum fatty acid after supercritical fluid extractionwas type ofω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, and the content of linoleic acid was 52.589%, the content ofγ-linolenic acid was 7.646%, the content of oleic acid was 28.797%.4. During soft capsules withω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid were produced, the technique of compoundanti-oxidation was utilized that the contents in capsule and wall materials were treated in oxidation-resistant at once. V_E, BHA and TBHQ were added in contents as antioxidant, V_C was added in wall materials asbuilder, another, amount of V_E was major factor affecting capability of oxidant-resistant, nest was amount ofBHA, then was amount of TBHQ, amount of V_C was the last; when amounts of V_E, BHA, TBHQ and V_Cwere 160mg·kg^-1, 60 mg·kg^-1, 40 mg·kg^-1, 180 mg·kg^-1, when the amount of perhydride of the contentsin the capsules was 200mmol·kg^-1, demanded 45 days, so the anti-oxidation ability of the products wasstrong and the best.5. Tricholoma mongolicum after Supercritical fluid extracted were used as materials, microwave shaketechnique was utilized to extract Tricholoma mongolicum polysaccharides, the power of microwave wasmajor factor influencing the rate of extraction, next was microwave time, then was size of materials, theration of solid to liquid was 1:15, power of microwave was 900W, microwave time was 30.14% accordingto this technique.6. Tricholoma mongolicum polysaccharides were purified roughly using 95% ethanol solution forprecipitating, the optimum time was 6h, the amounts of ethanol were 3 times to rough extracted liquid, theyield of polysaecharides was 92.07%.7. Ion exchange chromatography method was utilized to take away proteins in the polysaccharides, theefficency was best, the optimum condition was that D315 resins were utilized, the flow rate of eluant was1.0mL·min^-1, the elimination rate of protein was 77.08%, loss ratio of polysaccharides was 5.50%.8. Glucan gel G75 filtration chromatography method was utilized to purify Tricholoma mongolicumpolysaccharides after took away protein further more, when the flow rate of eluant was 0.5mL·min^-1, theelimination rate of protein was 78.86%, loss ratio of polysaccharides was 2.81%.9. Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry was ultilized to detect polysaccharides, the results showed theTricholoma mongolicum polysaccharides got through microwave extraction precipitated with precipitain,purified with resin, and gel separation major composition wasβ-glucan, its molecular weight was 100000Da,purity was 95.22%, yield of polysaccharides was 71.36%.10. Functional test showed, Tricholoma mongolicum polysaccharides had obvious inhibitory functionon tumor and had obvious function in falling blood sugar.11. Tricholoma mongolicum was treated by limited modified extrusion, broke the tight proteinstructure, the content of soluble protein was increased, the influence of extrusion temperature on modifywas serious, next was size of materials and moisture, the influence of feed speed was the weakest, theoptimum conditions were that temperature was 130℃, size of materials was 0.47m, moisture was 55%, feed speed was 25kg·h^-1, contents of soluble protein were 5.25%, had good for next hydrolysis.12. High Fischer oligopeptides of Tricholoma mongolicum were manufactured by enzymic hydrolysisin two step method. First, Tricholoma mongolicum peptides were produced through hydrolysis in alkalinityproteinase, then the aromatic amino acids were cut away with papain, the influence of pH on hydrolysis inalkalinity proteinase was serious, next was temperature and the content of enhzyme, the influence ofsubstrate density was the weakest, the optimum conditions were that pH was 8.5, temperature was 60℃, thecontent of alkalinity proteinase was 1%, substrate density was 4%, time was 3h, at this time theconsumption alkali was most, and enzymic effect was best. When hydrolysis by papain, pH was 7.0, thecontent of papain was 2%, substrate density was 7.0%, temperature was 50℃, time was 3h.13. The enzymolysis products were treated in ultrafiltration method which the ultrafitration membrancecould catch the materials of relative molecular was 1000Da, and the products were purified. The pressure ofultrafiltration was controlled 0.10 to 0.15MPa, the effect was ideal, the adsorption of pollutants uponmembrance was slow, because of turbulent flow near filtration area. The affective time of membrance waslengthened.14. The aromatic amino acids were adsorbed in acticarbon, the ration of solid to liquid was 1:10,temperature was 25℃, pH was 3.0, the aromatic amino acids were adsorbed in acticarben, the aromaticamino acids were adsorbed obviously, at once, the branched chain amino acids were reserved extremely.Because acticarbon had better effect of discolor and diabitter, so oligopeptides solution was clear andtransparent, and hadn't strange smell and bitter.15. Results of detection and calculation showed that, the Fischer value of Tricholoma mongolicumpeptides was 86.33, it was high Fischer value oligopeptides, the molecular weight was lower than 1000 Da,the color was light yellow, purity was 95.6%. The yield of high Fischer value oligopeptide was 41.2%according to this technique.16. Foundtional fest showed that Tricholoma mongolicum high Fischer value oligopeptides hadfunction in lowing fat, protecting the liver, enhancing the immunity, and lessening fatigue.