Study On The Developmental Anatomy And Main Chemical Composition Of Glehnia Littoralis

Glehnia littoralis is a perennial herb of Glehnia of the Umbelliferae. The dried roots of this plant are commonly known as"Bei Sha Shen", which has been used as a kind of traditional medicine. The developmental anatomy and the main chemical composition of Glehnia littoralis were studied. The main results are as follows:(1) The secretory canal, which originated by lysigenous way, consisted of a layer of secretory cells encircling a round canal. In the root, secretory canals were respectively produced by cambium and cork cambium and they distributed among the parenchyma of the secondary phloem and the phelloderm. In the leaf blade, they were among the parenchyma of the vein. Leucoplasts aggregated osmiophilic materials. It was supposed that some organelles such as mitochondrions and endoplasmic reticulums, mainly did with the development or secretion of the secretory product. Glehnia littoralis had fleshy taproot. Xylem parenchyma cells, phloem parenchyma cells and ray cells all had starch grains inside. And oil droplets distributed in secretory canal lumina, secretory cells and surrounding parenchyma cells. During the development of root, the increase of the diameter among root, xylem, phloem and periderm were significantly different from each other.(2) All of the content of psoralen, imperatorin, isoimperatorin and the total one in roots, leaves, the whole plant and roots of different growth years had extremely significant difference. The content of reducing sugar, starch, protein and fat in roots of Glehnia littoralis and roots of different growth years had extremely significant difference. The content of coumarin, reducing sugar, protein and fat in roots of Glehnia littoralis for four years were extremely higher than those in roots for one to three years. The harvest period of Glehnia littoralis should be decided according to the use. The medical quality of roots being peeled off would greatly drop, so this treatment should be prohibited in production. The rejected root peel and leaves could be used as feed additive or plant resource from which coumarin would be extracted.(3) The constituents in roots of Glehnia littoralis were extracted by ethanol by methods of Soxhlet extraction, backflow extraction and cold drawn extraction. And these three kinds of extraction had antioxidative activities. The extraction by cold drawn method had the highest activities of all. All of the three extraction obtained by water and alchohol from roots of Glehnia littoralis had anticancer activities on liver cancer cell line(HEP) and lung cancer cell line(A549) ,but they almost hadn't anticancer activities on stomach cancer cell line(SGC).