Studies On Investigation Of Wild Mei Germplasm Resources Of Sichuan Yunnan Tibet And Guizhou Province As Well As Regional Tests Of Hardy Mei Cultivars In North China

Mei(Prunus mume Sieb.et Zucc.) is not only a famous traditional special ornamental plant but also a fruit tree of China.Wild mei germplasm resources are important implication of the resistance genes and the material basis for mei breeding.Regional test is an important part of breeding.In order to protect and preserve these wild mei germplasm resources and promote the mei growth northward,it took the author more than 6 years to complete investigation and the research of wild mei germplasm resources in Sichuan,Yunnan,Tibet,Guizhou Provinces as well as regional tests of hardy mei cultivars..The main research results and conclusions are as follows:1).Germplasm resources and habitat of four wild mei varieries and eight semi-wild mei varieties were studied in 14 wild mei origin areas including Guizhou Province(Libo,Sandu, Hezhang,Weining,Longli),Yunnan Province(Xishan,South Daping,Songhe of Eryuan County,Ninglang County,Hutiaoxia of Shangri-La County,),Xizang(Tibet) Autonomous Region(Tongmai Town in Bomi County) and Sichuan Province(Mianning,Muli, Yanyuan).The classification and distribution position of the wild mei in Libo,Hezhang, Weining in Guizhou province were identified for the first time.The scope of the wild mei distribution center were expanded with the opinion proposed that the junction of mountains in Sichuan,Tibet,Yunnan,Guizhou(Hezhang and Weining) are the wild mei distribution center.A new variety of mei——Prunus mume Sieb.et Zucc.var.cernua-sempervirens Li.Q.W.et Chen J.Y.was discovered and proposed(to be published soon).All types of wild mei specimens in the survey areas were collected.The GPS positioning map for the wild mei surveyed was built for the first time,which established the foundation for wild mei germplasm resources conservation.2).The AFLP-DNA fingerprinting of 65 wild mei samples was established for the first time and the genetic relationship of main wild mei studied.AFLP technology was applied to identify the sources and varieties of wild mei and semi-cultivated mei.3).Based on predecessor's regional test,the author established three new regional testing spots:Daqing,Urumqi and Gongzhuling.Through years of multi-point comparison test,4 cultivars of mei(Prunus mume) including Prunus mume 'Yanxing',Prunus mume 'Songchun',Prunus mume 'Dan Fenghou',Prunus mume 'Meirenmei'(Beauty) can grow in the open in Daqing and 4 mei cultivars including 'Dan fenghou', 'Gongzhumulan','Yanxing','Meiren'mei can bloom in open field in Gongzhuling.The research achievements enlarged the scope of mei cultivation northward more than 2000 km, which symbolized that Mr.Chen Junyu's theory and practice about introduction and acclimatization had made new break-through.The resistance of different mei cultivars and the main measures of cultivation and application in different areas were studied on the basis of the analysis of ecological factors including weather and soil of the regional testing spots.Distribution map of Chinese mei covering various provinces was drawn for the first time,which has an important practical significance to guide the application of mei.4).Furthermore,suggestions are given for protection of Chinese wild mei germplasm resources and application of cold hardy mei cultivars.