Studies On Cold-resistance Hybrid Breedingand Identification Of Several Hybridsin Prunus Mume

Mei flower(Prunus mume),one of the ten traditional Chinese well-known flowers with the longest application history and the deepest flower culture.At present,the varieties of cold-resistant Mei flower have been cultivated,however most of their flowers are pale pink and also have lost the typical Mei fragrance,and only has a single tree type,and there are fewer cultivars in the 'Meiren' group.Meanwhile,it is necessary to identify the hybrid seedlings obtained from cold-resistance hybrid breeding.In this study,in order to breed new cold-resistance Mei cultivars with fragrant,early flowering,rich in flower color,early flowering,shrub type and colorful leaf,and carried out cross-breeding and embryo culture of Mei,and seed setting rate,fruit drop rate,embryo culture,hybrid identification were preliminary studied.From the above researches,it could aim to breeding new cultivars and accelerate the process of breeding new varieties in Mei flower.The main results were as follows:I.Intraspecific and interspecific crosses of P.mume,a total of 39 cross combinations,9264 flowers were pollinated with 129 fruits obtained.Intraspecific crosses obtained 110 seeds,breeding 70 young seedling planted,Interspecific crosses obtained 19 seeds,breeding 13 young seedling planted.2.Intraspecific crosses of P.mume 's fruiting rate,the highest one was P.mume 'Dan Fenghou'x P.mume 'I-6' which was 35%,and the other group's fruiting rate is less than 10%.The fruiting rates of the female parent P.mume 'Hongxing Baiyun' were zero.Interspecific crosses of P.mume were low in fruiting rate,the average is only 0.3%.The highest one was P.mume 'Dan Fenghou' ×P.davidiana'Alba Tortuosa' which was 2.370.However,17 interspecific crosses were showing serious hybrid incompatibility,all of they didn't obtain fruits.3.19 hybrids from 5 cross-combinations P.mume 'Meiren' as female parent,1 hybrids from P.mume 'Meiren' × P.mume 'Songchun',4 hybrids from P.mume 'Meiren' ×P.mume 'Sanlun Yudie'?6 hybrids from P.mume 'Meiren' x P.mume 'Fenpi Chuizhi'.7 hybrids from P.mume 'Meiren' × P.mume'I-65'?1 hybrids from P.mume 'Meiren' x P.davidiana 'Albo Tortuosa'.4.The best way to obtain P.mume 'Meiren' natural pollination seedlings rapidly is Embryo culture.For P.mume 'Meiren' embryo culture,the most suitable medium was 1/2WPM+0.2 mg/L 6-BA+1.0g/L Acticarbon,and a certain concentration of 6-BA added to the medium has a positive effect for the root length and seedling height.5.23 hybrids(Originated from predecessors)from 5 cross-combinations P.mume 'Danfeng Hou' ×P.davidiana 'Albo-plena'?P.mume 'Danfeng Hou' × P.tomentosa?P.mume 'Danfeng Hou' × P.davidiana?P.mume 'Danfeng Hou' ×P.triloba?P.mume 'Danfeng Hou'xP.mume 'Qiao Meiren' were selected to detected by SSR markers.The results showed 5 progenies were preliminary identified to be authentic,Combining the morphological identification progenys and parents,the results indicated P.mume 'Danfeng Hou' × P.davidiana 'Albo-plena'(E8-1?F8-3?F8-6),P.mume 'Danfeng Hou' × P.davidiana(E15-9)and P.mume 'Danfeng Hou' × P.mume 'Qiao Meiren'(J)were identified as hybrids.