Professor Wang Qingguo 's Academic Thought, Summary Of Clinical Experience And Its Application In The Treatment Of Spleen And Stomach Diseases

Professor WANG Qing-guo studies with Professor LIU Du-zhou, a famous traditional Chinese medicine expert, who is one of the first professional doctorate degree gainer of traditional Chinese medicine in our country. Professor WANG engaged in the teaching and health care profession for more than 40 years and is good at using classical prescriptions, while not abandoning non- classical prescriptions. His application of herbal-pairs is smart and rich in clinical experience. Professor WANG has extensive experience of treating digestive system disease, rheumatoid and immune disease, cardia cerebrovascular disease and other difficult miscellaneous gynecological and pediatric diseases.1 The academic thoughts and originProfessor WANG Qing-guo was participated in work as barefoot doctor and hygienist at 1969 and studied in TCM of Liaoning College at 1972. After graduated, professor WANG expert in integration of traditional Chinese medicine with Western medicine for 7 years and laid a good foundation for western clinical medicine. At 1981, Professor WANG entered BUCM with excellent grades and inherited from Professor LIU Du-zhou. Professor WANG was taught by Professor REN Ying-qiu, Professor CHENG Shi-de, Professor ZHAO Shao-Qing and studied with Professor LIU Du-zhou, Professor WANG Mian-zhi, Professor ZHAO Shao-Qing in clinical. Professor WANG learned widely from others’ strong points, incorporated things of diverse nature and paid attention to visiting and learning from local masters.The Yellow emperor’s internal canon of medicine which emphasizes the importance of Yang-Qi recorded theories about doctrine of cholemesia and rules of treatment about spleengastric disease. The theories created by ZHANG Zhong-jing include Six Meridian Syndrome Differentiation and Viscera Syndrome Differentiation. All these theories are the foundation of Professor WANG’ academic thoughts. The Point of ZHU Dan-xi, LI Dong-yuan, expert on seasonal febrile diseases and ZHANG Xi-chun also affects the formation of Professor WANG’ academic thoughts. On this basis, professor WANG roundly inherited the academic thoughts of Professor LIU Du-zhou. Professor WANG who paid attention to pathogenesis and combination of disease and syndrome differentiation developed the diagnosis and prescription on the basis of flexibly used Chaihu Decoction and Xiexin Decoction. Professor WANG enhanced the accuracy and comprehensiveness of diagnosis and treatment based on the academic points of Professor LIU Du-zhou and deeply reflected the sequence of inheritance of Professor LIU’s thoughts. "LIU’s academic schools about exogenous febrile disease in Yenching" in the charge of Professor WANG ranked number one in 64 national studio of inheritance of academic schools about TCM published by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It made a great contribution to promoting the inheritance of academic schools about TCM.2 Summary of academic thoughtsGetting harmonious through circulation and balance, focusing on liver and spleen first. Professor WANG Qing-guo believes that "human becoming harmonious with the five internal organs yuan really keeping smooth" is an important condition to be healthy, "qi and blood in circulation" and "harmony and balance" are inseparable, "smooth blood and qi" and "balance yin and yang" are both important when treating diseases, the keys to harmonize yin and yang are "circulate" and "balance" to recover the function of pivot of the nature. He believes that there exist Shaoyang pivot of exterior and interior of the body, and spleen and stomach pivot of up and down of human body, which coordinate to harmonize yin and yang and promote qi circulation. He focuses on keeping spleen and stomach in function clinically, and considers it as the first approach of clinical practice. He emphasizes the balance and suitability of tonification and purgation of prescribed medicines, coldness and warmth of medicine flavor, and rise and fall of medicine properties. Chaihu decoction and Xiexin decoction are his commonly used formulas to harmonize Shaoyang and promote spleen and stomach in function.Differentiate syndrome and diseases, and integrate the ancient and the modern. Professor WANG Qing-guo emphasizes the combination of diseases differentiation and syndromes differentiation, diseases differentiation-first, syndromes differentiation-based. In clinical practice, we should draw, break the application situation of the original prescription, and enlarge the using range of the classic prescription. Professor WANG Qing-guo was good at combining classic prescriptions and current prescriptions in order to deal with the complexity of the clinical symptoms and take good effect.Respecting for the classic, drawing on others successful experience. Professor WANG Qing-guo decades dedicated to the research of the Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases written by ZHANG Zhong-jing. He always emphasized the essence of zhong-jing medicine using the example of classic prescription. Furthermore he read all kinds of medical books, draw on other successful experience. He learned academic experience of many physicians, also pays attention to the folk remedy. In clinical practice, he always used gentle and cheap herbs, obtained good effect.Combining internal and external therapy and combining use of acupuncture and medicine. Professor WANG was not limited to decoction for oral administration and advocated for combining internal therapy with external therapy such as external washing, dressing treatment and massage, etc. The experience as physician at county not only laid a solid foundation for Clinical Medicine but also acquired excellent acupuncture moxibustion techniques. If it is beyond the medicine therapy’s reach for intractable disease, Professor WANG often treated patients by acupuncture or moxibustion methods which have clearly curative effect.Knowing commonness of the diseases for the change, combining medicine therapy with acupuncture. Professor WANG Qing-guo keeps "observe the pulse, think about the disease, and treat it depending on its syndrome" in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases in mind when treating diseases, and he is not only familiar with the common state of the disease, but aware of the dynamic transformation. He emphasizes the step-by-step therapy depending on the severity of diseases, discontinues medication as soon as effect showing to avoid injury energy qi, and notices the physical quality of patients to deliberately prescribe. On chronic diseases, he always prescribes pills for rehabilitation during catabasis.Broaden the horizons, inherit and spread. Professor WANG considers that it is not paradoxical between tradition and modernity. We should develop TCM based on the tradition, but not limited to tradition. We should take nutrients from modern science and technology and not bounded by it. As one of the inheritor of TCM, Professor WANG emphasizes "Clinical is the foundation, Scientific research is the guide, Teaching is a job", neither of which can be neglected. Nothing but combined all three of them, the theoretical level and clinical effects can been enhanced and the mechanism can been clearly understand. Finally, to realize TCM, to inherit TCM, to develop TCM.3 The academic thought of spleengastric diseasesCorrelation of all four examinations, and especially emphasizing tongue inspection. He considers that the changes of the tongue image have a certain objectivity on the treatment of spleengastric diseases, that is to say, tongue inspection has great value on syndrome differentiation and prescription of spleengastric diseases. The coated tongue is generated due to spleen wet evaporated by stomach. The tongue is as part of the digestive system, and it is just like the exposed internal organs. The physiological and pathological changes of internal organs are reflected by tongue image. which is the most sensitive reaction of signs. The tongue image can sensitively change along with spleengastric diseases, thus tongue inspection has great value on the treatment of spleengastric diseases.Combination of tonification and purgation, and focusing on one of them according to pathogenesis. Spleen and stomach along lie at middle jiao, and have meridian-viscera correlation. Thus in general they dysfunction together with uncertainty of the pros and cons. The deficiency syndrome has bearing on taiyin by a majority, and the excessive syndrome is generally due to yangming. Stomach trouble was always differentiated as heat, excessive syndrome, and spleen trouble always differentiated as cold, deficiency syndrome. So pathogenesis of spleengastric diseases is mostly syndrome of intermingled heat and cold. Hence professor WANG combines tonification with purgation, associates activity and inertia, and treats with hot-natured and cold-natured drugs. When using Banxia Xiexin Decoction, professor WANG always adjusts the proportion of bitter medicine and sweet herbs to modulate the ratio of tonification and purgation according to pathogenesis.Attachment great importance to ascending, descending, exiting and entering of qi and the influence of liver gallbladder. Spleen and stomach lie together in the middle jiao. They are the hub of ascending, descending, exiting and entering of qi. Spleen governs ascending clear and stomach governs descending clear. The regular ascending and descending, along with compatibility of spleen and stomach could ensure the absorbing of cereal essence. Liver governs ascending and dredging, so liver gallbladder and spleen are closed linked. Wood regulates spleen qi so that the spleen stagnation could be dissipated. Under normal circumstances, liver controls conveyance and dispersion, and spleen stomach modulates ascending and descending, so qi and blood is abundant and could nourish the body.Accommodate prescriptions according to pathogenesis, and combination of different formula for enhanced effect. When a single classical prescription is difficult to adapt to clinical complex etiology and pathogenesis, the combination of formulas can have unexpected effects. The combination of classical prescriptions, or current prescriptions, or classical prescriptions with current prescriptions are all recommended. The doctor should accommodate prescriptions according to pathogenesis.Professor WANG used to combinating Banxia Xiexin Decoction with Baihe Wuyao Decoction to form a new prescription, which is Baihe Xiexin Decoction. The combination of the two formulas could mildly regulate cold and heat, regulate stomach for lowering adverse qi.4 Analysis on patterns of professor WANG Qing-guo’s prescriptions for treating spleen and stomach disease by association rules and complex system entropy clusteringProfessor WANG Qing-guo’s prescriptions for atrophic gastritis, ulcerative colitis and reflux esophagitis were collected in Beijing University of Chinese medicine Guo Yi Tang visits from 2013 to 2015 in the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system. The frequency of prescription, correlation between drugs and prescription laws were analyzed by using the association rules Apriori algorithm, complex system entropy clustering and other unsupervised clustering algorithm, to discuss Professor WANG’s medication experience for spleengastric diseases.The results indicate that Banxia Xiexin Decoction is the most frequently used formula to treat atrophic gastritis, along with two herb pairs Baihe and Wuyao, Yizhi ren and Duanmu li. The most frequently used formula to treat ulcerative colitis is Chaihu Guizhi Decoction and Yiyi FuZi powder, and the main herb pair is Danggui and Baishao. Banxia Xiexin Decoction is also the most frequently used formula to treat reflux esophagitis, while the main herb is Banxia, Huangqin and Duanmu li. Prescriptions for the three diseases all contain the main herb in Banxia Xiexin Decoction, which indicates that they all have syndrome of intermingled heat and cold. The combination prescription and herbs reminder that atrophic gastritis is stomach yin deficient or spleen Yang deficient, reflux esophagitis is of liver depression or excessive heat in cholecyst, while ulcerative colitis is spleen yang deficient and dampness-heat.In short, the drug rule of the three diseases clearly reflected academic thought of spleengastric diseases of expert WANG Qing-guo, which contains getting harmonious through circulation and balance, focusing on liver and spleen first, combination of tonification and purgation, and focusing on one of them according to pathogenesis. In addition, some new formulas were summarized in the research, such as Yizhi Muli Xiexin Decoction and Baihe Wuyao Decoction. The related drug development would lay foundation for the treatment of spleengastric diseases. Formal research of the new formulas would raise clinical treating efficiency of spleengastric diseases.The research explored Professor WANG’s medication rules for chronic atrophic gastritis, ulcerative colitis and reflux esophagitis by using Data Mining Technology. New knowledge and information, which could not be obtained through the traditional medical records and statistical analysis, was mined from the database. The research has reference value in carding and inheriting systematically Professor WANG’s academic thoughts and experience for spleengastric diseases. Through summarizing the drug rule and academic thoughts of Professor WANG, precious property was provided for later scholars.