| Background and objective Asthma is a chronic health-threatening disease which affect people all over the world. There are a lot of researches about therapy of asthma in many countries, but the incidence and mortality of asthma are still increasing ,especially in children. Asthma is a multifactorial disease characterized clinically by airway hyperresponsiveness(AHR), chronic airway inflammation . Eosinophile(EOS), mast cell , basophils, lymphocyte and many kinds of cytokine are involved in this inflammation. Glucocorticoid is the only effective treatment medicine on asthma, but it has much side effect. It is necessary to study pathogenesis of asthma and to find out new therapy to treat it effectively. Although this inflammation response is complex, investigations have highlighted the obligatory role of IL-13 in the pathogenesis of asthma. The main role for B7/CD28 costimulation pathways in the pathogenesis of asthma has beensuggested. A strong correlation has been demonstrated between T lymphocyte proliferation, activation, recruitment EOS, TH2 derived cytokines secret and B7/CD28 costimulation pathways. In order to explore the effect and relationship of IL-13 and CD86 in pathogenesis of asthma ,we investigated the level of IL-13mRNA expression and IL-13 protein produced by PBMC, the level of CD86 expression on monocyte and B cell , the level of eotaxin , IL-4 and IFN-γ produced by 9HTE cell and PBMC after interfered with rhIL-13, the level of correlative cytokines produced by PBMC after neutralized with IL-13mAb and CD86mAb.Methods1. 78 cases of acute stage and 16 is remission of asthmatic children ,66 normal subjects were recruited in the study from the out-patient Department.2. PBMC were isolated by Ficoll and stimulated by PHA and LPS; ELISA was used to detect the monocyte-derived and TH cell-derived cytokines(IL-4,IL-12,IL-13 and IFN-γ)in culture supernatants and IL-13,total IgE and eotaxin in plasma.3.RT-PCR was used to detect PBMC expression of IL-4mRNA and IL-13mRNA. 4. Directed Immunofluorescence flow cytometry method wasused to detect the expression of CD86 on CD14+ and CD19+ in PBMC activated by LPS and the expression of CD30 on CD4+ in PBMC activated by PHA and ionomycin .5.The proliferative responsiveness of PBMC stimulated with PHA　and interfered with different concentration of anti-CD86 mAb were measured by 3H-TdR intaking .Results1. Compared with the control group , the level of IL-13 in plasma of asthmatic group were increased significantly, the levels of IL-4 and IL-13 in supernatants of PBMC stimulated with PHA were increased significantly, the levels of IFN-γ(induced by PHA) and IL-12(induced by LPS) in supernatants were decreased significantly.2. Peak level of IL-13 in supernatants was determined by 3d culture in the presence of PHA in control group; IL-13 in PHA-stimulated PBMC supernatants was increased with a peak at 3-7d of culture in asthmatic group. Compared with the control group, the level of IL-13 at 3d, 5d, 7d was increased significantly in asthmatic group, but no significant difference in two groups at 1d.3.The level of IL-4 in PBMC supernatants was increasedrapidly at 1d and arrived peak level at 3d induced by PHA in control and asthmatic groups. Compared with the control group, IL-4 level in PBMC supernatants at 1d and 3d was increased significantly in asthmatic group, with rather low level at 5d and 7d ,there was no significant difference between the two groups.4.Compared with control group, the expression of IL-13mRNA and IL-4mRNA in PBMC of asthmatic group stimulated with PHA were increased significantly.5. Compared with the control group , the CD30 positive percentage on CD4+ PBMC in asthmatic group was elevated significantly; There was a significantly positive correlation of CD30 positive percentage on CD4+ PBMC with the levels of IL-4 ,IL-13 in PBMC culture supernatants stimulated with PHA. 6．The CD86 MFI of CD14+PBMC, CD19+ and CD19+CD86+ percentage of PBMC induced by LPS and plasma to...
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