| Esophageal cancer (E C) is one of the 10 most commonmalignant cancers. More than 300,000 people suffer from EC all over the world every year, and half of which are Chinese. The incidence of EC varies in different areas and different populations, which mabye correlated with certain extro-carcigens in different areas. Linzhou city in Henan Province is the place with the highest EC incidence. Xi'an city in Shaanxi Province is not the district with high incidence of EC, but is the district with high mortality rate(22.29 per 100,000).Comparison of the pathology of EC in these two areas could provide more information for prevention of EC. Pathogenesis of EC is rather complicated, including the activation of oncogene and mutation or deletion of tumor-suppressor gene. p53 gene has been proved to be correlated with most human carcinomas. It's mutation has been observed in at least more than50% human malignant cancers. A great amount of studies showed that high expression of P53 protein and p53 gene mutation were one of the most important biomarkers in the development of EC., with p53 gene mutation rate ranging from 20% to 84%.Analysis of p53 mutation map might help to discover the-8-mechanism of carcigensis in molecular lever.In this study, relationship between EC development in Xi'an and Linzhou and risk factors, behaviour, diet pattem,family history of EC,and relationship between tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and p53 gene mutaion were evaluated quantitatively by using Meta analysis and caculating Pooled OR value.p53 gene( exon 5)mutation in tissue specimens of 83 cases of EC in Xi'an and Linzhou was ananlyzed by DNA sequence detection tecnique and its relationship with enviroment risk factors was also investigated1. Meta analysis of risk factors of EC in Xi'an and Linzhou city. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria ,10papers were chosen,5 about EC cases in Xi'an and 5 about cases in Linzhou respectively. There were 840 EC cases and 1084 controls in Xi'an, and 1244 EC cases and 3855 controls in Linzhou Case-control studies showed that significant factors for EC in Xi'an were tobacco smoking (male), alcohol drinking, pickled vegetable eating, fresh vegetable eating and family history of EC. Pooled OR values were 2.63 (2.01-3.43),1.74 (1.21-2.51),1.27 (1.03-1.56),0.46(0.35?.61 )and 3.75(2.30?.11 )respectively(P<0.05).Dose-effect analysis of tobacco smoking showed that pooled OR for smoking dosage<20 per day,^20per day were 1.65 and 2.63 respectively. No relations were found between hot diet, tea drinking and EC in Xi'an. Case-control studies in Linzhou showed that risk factors for EC were tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, history of pickled vegetable eating and family history of EC with pooled OR as 1.73 (1.42-2.11) ,1.63 (1.02-2.60) ,1.58 (1.07-2.34) and 1.71(1.36?.15) respectively(P<0.05).We did not find that fresh vegetable eating and hot diet was related with EC in Linzhou.2. Meta analysis of relationship between tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and p53gene muation in EC cases.-9-In 14 selected papers, 8 were about detection of P53 protein with immunohischemical method (to reflect the p53 gene mutation),In 667 EC cases, 379(56.8%)cases had P53 protein over expression. PCR-SSCP, DNA sequence detection techniques were used in another 6 papers. In 382 EC cases, 206(53.9%) cases hadp53 gene mutation.Pooled OR of tobacco smoking with P53 protein over expression, p53gene mutation, were 1.99 (1.30?.06) and 1.64 (1.13-2.37) respectively (P<0.05).We did not find significant relation between tobacco smoking and p53 gene mutation. There were no significant relations between alcohol drinking and P53 protein over express, p53 gene mutation orp53 gene alteration.3.Study onp53 gene (exon 5) mutation and its relationship with enviroment risk factors in Xi'an and Linzhou cityMutation rate of p53 gene (exon 5 )mutation in Xi'an and Linzhou EC cases were 14.3%(6/42) and 18.6%(9/43) respectively ,which were not significantly different ( x 2=0.28,P=0.59). Point...
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