The Studies Of The Intervenient Effects Of Glutamine And Arginine On Exercise-Induced Immunosuppression

Some epidemiological data indicated that endurance athletes, especially long-distance runners are at increased risk of upper respiratory tract infection during periods of heightened training or following competitive race events, which reason is related to exercise-induced immunosuppression. Although it is unclear yet that the mechanism of exercise-induced immunosuppression, some studies showed it may be not only linked to exercise-nerve-endocrine-immune network but also related to nutrients. The results of some researches have showed, long-term endurance training may reduce serum glutamine concentration, which may be the mechanism of exercise-induced immunosuppression, but the results of studies were short of unanimous.Sports immunosuppressive model was established successfully by SD rats were conducted 150 min/day, 6days/wk swimming training for 8 weeks in this study. Meanwhile the rats were administrated for amino acid (Gin and/or Arg). The immunologic indexes including lymphocytic proliferation function, serum cytokine concentration, and glutamine and arginine level in serum and skeletal muscle, and apoptosis of lymphocyte in peripheral blood were determined to further explore the mechanism of exercise-induced immunosuppression, and to investigate the effects and mechanism of Gin and/or Arg on modulation of immunologic function. In addition, the combinative effects of the two kinds of amino acid on sports immunosuppression were studied.The results and conclusions in this study show:1. After heavy training for 8 weeks, the serum IL-2 concentration and lymphocytic proliferation function in peripheral blood decreased significantly, but the serum sIL-2 concentration increased significantly. The results show long-term heavy training may result in the decrease of immunologic function.2. Serum Gln, Arg and total oxidation resistance significantly reduced after 8 weeks of high loading exercise. Contrarily, rate of lymphocytic apoptosis significantly enhanced after the exercise. Therefore, enhancing serum Glu and Arg may be important one of the mechanisms of sports immunosuppression after long-term heavy exercise training. In addition, oxidation resistance reduction and oxygen-derivedfree radicals enhancement increase lymphocytic apoptosis in peripheral blood. Probably, one mechanism could be elucidated by the changes.3. Supplement of Gin after heavy training may prevent the decrease of serum Gin and Arg concentration, and increase the IL-2, GM-CSF concentration and total oxidation resistance in serum and lymphocytic proliferation function in peripheral blood markedly. In the meantime, it may decrease the serum sIL-2 content and the rate of lymphocytic apoptosis in peripheral blood significantly. Therefore, supplement of Gin after heavy training may modulate and enhance the immune function in training body, and prevent the occurrence of exercise-induced immunosuppression effectively.4. Supplement of Arg after heavy training may increase the IL-2, GM-CSF concentration in serum and lymphocytic proliferation function in peripheral blood markedly. In the meantime, it may decrease the serum sIL-2R content. Although it may not increase the serum Arg content and total oxidation resistance effectively, it can increase the serum Gln concentration, and decrease the rate of lymphocytic apoptosis in peripheral blood significantly. Therefore, supplement of Gln after heavy training may prevent the decrease of serum Gln content effectively, decrease the rate of lymphocytic apoptosis in peripheral blood significantly, enhance the immune function in training body, and prevent the occurrence of exercise-induced immunosuppression effectively.5. Combinative supplement of Gln and Arg after heavy training have significant interaction in serum GM-CSF, sIL-2R content, lymphocytic proliferation function and the rate of lymphocytic apoptosis in peripheral blood. Although it may further increase serum IL-2 and Gln content, there is no significant interaction. Therefore, combinative supplement...