Study On Nutritional Status And Immunological Function Of Arginine And Glutamine Combined Application In Traumatic Rats

ObjectiveTo observe the protective effect of glutamine (Gln) or (and) arginine (Arg) intraumatic rats, and the mechanism of enhancing the nutritional status andimmunological function.Method1. The traumatic model in rats16 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC)and trauma control (TC) groups, with 8 rats in each group. The rats in TC group wereinflicted with soft tissue trauma on the back. The serum contents of total protein (TP),albumin (Alb), prealbumin (Pa), fibronectin (Fn), transferrin (Tr), superoxidedismutase (SOD) and T-lymphocytes were measured respectively on four time points:pre-traumatic day 1(1d), post-traumatic day 3(3d), post-traumatic day 7(7d) andpost-traumatic day 14(14d). Jejunal tissue samples were also harvested forpathological examination on 14d.2. The protective effects of Gln or (and) Arg on traumatic rats16 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: A group (traumatic controlgroup, Sodium Chloride), B group (Gln group, Gln 500mg/Kg·bw·d), C group (Arggroup, Arg 300mg/Kg·bw·d), D group (Gln+Arg group, Gln 500mg/Kg·bw·d+Arg 300mg/Kg·bw·d). The rats in all groups were inflicted with soft tissue traumaon the back. The serum contents of TP, Alb, Pa, Fn, Tr, SOD, nitric Oxide(NO), nitricoxide synthetase(NOS), Gln, hydroxyproline (HYP) and T-lymphocytes weremeasured respectively on 14d. Jejunal tissue samples were also harvested forpathological examination on 14d. Results1. The traumatic model in ratsThe rats in TC group were all alive. There was no obvious difference of theweight between NC and TC groups on 1d, but the weight in TC group was markedlydropped after 2d as compared to NC group(P＜0.05). Interestingly, it occurred thatthe serum contents of Alb, Pa and SOD in TC were markedly decreased on 3d inadvance, while the serum content of TP in TC was significantly lower than that in NCgroup on 7d(P＜0.05).The serum content of Fn in TC went higher on 3d at first(P＜0.05), but became lower on 14d(P＜0.05). No difference was observed between thetow groups of the CD₈ during the experiment(P＞0.05), while the CD₄ and the ratioof CD₄/CD₈ in TC group significantly dropped on 3d, 7d and 14d. Thymus and spleenwere shrunk in TC group, and the morphological changes of small intestines in TCgroup were also observed.2. The protective effects of Gln or (and) Arg on traumatic ratsThe rats in all groups were all alive. It showed that the fluctuation of the weightin the B, C and D groups was prevented better than that in A group, thus that inducedthe weight in B, C, D groups heavier than that in A group on 14d. The contents inserum of TP, Alb, Pa, HYP, Fn, Tr in B, C and D groups were significantly higherthan those in A group(P＜0.05), while the Pa and Fn in D group rats obviously higherthan other three groups. There were negative correlation between the serum contentsof SOD and MDA, which showed that the SOD in B, D groups obviously higher thanthose in A, C groups (P＜0.05), while the MDA in B, D groups distinctly lower thanthose in A group(P＜0.05). The NO, NOS contents in C, D groups showedsignificantly higher than those in A, B(P＜0.05). The detections of T-lymphocyteswere significantly different from A group to B, C, D groups(P＜0.05). Thymuses were shrunk in A group, as compared to those in B, C, D groups. The morphologicalchanges of small intestines were also observed in all groups, where the A group wasthe most serious changed one, and B, D groups were the slightest one.ConclusionsThe soft tissue trauma on the back could make the rats seriously traumatic, whichnutritional status function and immunological function depressed markedly. Whenadded Gln or (and) Arg to the rats could significantly improve these pathogeneticconditions. The experiment displayed that the effects of Gln were better than Arg inthe aspects of preventing negative nitrogen balance, promoting protein synthesis, enhancing antioxidation and protecting the intestine, while the effects of Arg werebetter than Gln in the aspects of promoting the immunological function, acceleratingthe HYP synthesis and promoting the recovery of trauma.