A Study Of Etiquette And Music In The Wei, Jin And Southern And Northern Dynasties

The research on ritual music in Weijin and Nanbei dynasties is based on the Wuli system in this period. The main point of this paper are as follows.The relationship between music and ritual in ancient china is the main issue to be discussed in Chapter one.We discuss the function of music in the ritual before and after the establishment of the etiquette system,especially on the function after the establishment of the etiquette system and it’s effect on the later generations.In chapter two,we mainly discuss the development of rites and it’s effects on the ritual music in Weijin and Nanbei dynasties. In the Wuli system of this period,the range of Li have transcended the Shili system in Han dynasty and became the basic of formulating the etiquette system.To adapt this change, the music used in the etiquette must change to ajust the variety.We frist discuss the performance of wuli in this period and make a contrast with previous generations in order to give expression to the new change of this period.From Wei Dynasty, especially the Western Jin Dynasty,the governments pay much attention to the confusion classics.They made the etiquette according to the classics, which look as if returning to the ancients.secondly we discuss the factor which influenced the creating of ritual music and its characteristic.In chapter three,we discuss the music used in sacrifice.National sacrifices are payed much attention in every dynasties,including JiaoSi,ZongMiao,JiTian,SheJi and so on.The music played an important part in the ritual such as prove the legal validity of a regime.We mainly focus on the following questions.The frist one is how are the rituals performed?which part needs music and what is the function of the music in the ritual.Second,we discuss the music’s content, characteristic and its functions in maintaining rule.Third,we discuss the evolution of the music used in sacrifice rituals.The fourth question we discussed is about the poems used in the rituals,which is also an important part of the music.We discuss the creation mode of the poems,which inherit the regular and elegant traits of the poems in Book of Songs. The poems also limited by the music played in the ritual.We also discuss the syntactical structure and rhyme style,illustrating the artistic characteristics of the poems.The music used in JiaLi and BinLi is the main point in chapter four.We frist discuss the change of the JiaLi and BinLi in this period.Along with the collapse of the enfeoffment system and the establishment of the feudal autocratic system,the ceremony such as XiangYinJiu,XiangShe,DaShe,which performed in Zhou Dynasty have changed a lot or relegated to a secondary position.The only ceremony performed regularly is Yuan Huili which can prove the governor’s authoritativeness. In the second part we discuss the difference of the music used in JiaLi and BinLi between the Pre-Qin Period and this Period.In the third part we discuss the poems’ artistic characteristics used in JiaLi and BinLi.As the change of the participants’ position,the poems become eulogize the governor rather than the guests. Its syntactical structure mainly with four words and its style is elegant and grave, differing with the banquet poems in Book of Songs.Then we discuss the military music used in this period in chapter five.We frist discuss the content of the military salute and the origin of the music used in military and its function.Then we discuss the music use in all kinds of military salute and its function. In the third part we mainly study on one kind of military music, Gu Chui.We conclude that Gu Chui have played an important role in granting military exploit and showing the general’s position.In chapter six,we discuss the application and forbidden of music in XiongLi. In the classic,music are forbid when XiongLi happens,but in practice music are usually used in all kinds of XiongLi. From this two angles,we will discuss the concrete ceremony which use music and which not.Then analyses the reason and its function.