The Choice Of Design Value In The Relationship Between Urban And Rural Construction And China 's Rural Practice

Having troubled the whole world for a long time, the dilemma between urban and rural area is becoming a big challenge in the development of Chinese society. This thesis starts from the phenomenon of "urban-rural integration", through "urban-rural split", "The confrontation of the two", and to "The mutual construction of the two" since modern industrial revolution. Holding the perspective of design science, this thesis is to research on the contemporary design value choice and the practice in Chinese rural area.Based on the concept of "Mutual construction of the urban and rural area", this thesis presents the thinking as:besides dualism and monism between urban and rural area, is there any other possible solutions in the epoch of popularizing industrial civilization and rapid urbanization? How to rebuild a more reasonable relationship transcending the old "confliction between urban and rural area"? How to realize mutual development and prosperity through "active interaction" between urban and rural area? And how does modern design relocate itself to make a feasible, farsighted and strategic choice amid such serious of conflicts?This thesis takes Raymond Williams’s theory of "cultural entirety" as a main reference, of whom is the most prestigious socialist in 20th century’s England. This thesis talks about the influence that modern industrial civilization has taken on the urban-rural structure all over the world. Focusing on the development of Chinese urban-rural relationship involved in the great change of Chinese society and nation in the last century, this thesis investigates and rethinks the historical tragedy in which Chinese rural area had been degenerated from the "cradle" of modernism to the "victim" of modernization revolution in the wave of Chinese industrial revolution, which is based on "change" and "reconstruction". In Chinese modern history and contemporary society, lots of "rural constructors" with different standpoints have sprung up. This thesis analyzes their great practice in rural areas and the deep sympathy to Chinse peasants behind it, and makes a balanced judgement about their historical limits at the same time. Based on the above, this thesis concludes a concept called "mutual construction of city and the rural area----rural design" which is based on the perspective of "cultural entity", summing up the design investigation in Nan Mazhuang vallage of Lankao of Henan Province in the middle of China which I have taken part in, and researches the strategic value of this creative design method.There are two innovation points in this thesis:firstly, seeing from the perspective of "mutural construction of city and the rural area",this thesis raises the idea that, in the future, rural area should be a logical civilization co-exists well with cities, rather than the victim or burden in the process of modern construction in cities. As for modern design, which is responsible for the construction pattern of future development, rural area has great value on rethinking the historical lesson on the industrial civilization and "one-way urbanization", rethinking modern civilization, redirecting development, and reconstructing human’s ideal, so as to guiding the develop of civilization under the idea of "Mutual Construction".Secondly, this thesis does not entangled in the choice of dualism or monism just like other researchers do. Instead, it stands on the point of "active co-exist of urban and rural area", and raises the idea of "Mutual Construction" and "Intersection and Combination". In the history, urban and rural area were integrated; but industrialization changed the situation into "conflict". History will never return to "monism", so the right choice is to treat "dualism" actively, so that a sensible pattern of development can be created. In this case, this thesis provides a new thinking method and possibility of "resolution" about the relationship of "urban and rural area".As is talked above, this thesis points to the common conflict between urban and rural area, and hopes to rethink this topic from the perspective of design. However, this topic lacks experience and reference both from home and abroad, the think in this thesis is pioneering but is only the beginning in this field. Although there are already many people focusing on the rural problem, till now there is no view which can be described as "historical, comprehensive, profound and objective". However, in the situation of global ecological deterioration and the environment of rural area being threatened day by day, there is no time to waste. We need more people to think strategically and tactically from more perspectives. It is the unavoidable path for this topic to start from rural practice to urban, finally finishing the true meaning"mutual-construction between urban and rural area"; in this sense, this thesis only represents a periodical result. At the same time, this thesis makes some exploratory concept. Since it was numerous bold hypothesis and practices that made social development possible, this thesis is willing to make a try in this field, and what cannot be concluded is to be the start point of next phase.