Research On The Reform Of Japan 's War Criminals By The New Chinese Government

At the beginning of the People’s Republic of China founded,the Chinese government began to receive and punish the Japanese war criminals. Facing with the heinous Japanese war criminals,the Chinese government had not lead them to be sentenced to death, but made some creative decisions to reform them. With the leadering by the Communist Party of China, the Chinese government issued a series of guidelines and policies.The Chinese government treated the Japanese war criminals in the humanitarian way and reformed them in the principle of “combine the punishment to the thought reforming and combine the labor productivity to the political education”. The Chinese government successfully reformed the Japanese war criminals. The Chinese government had not sude the most war criminals from prosecution,and pardon them to return to Japanese. The Chinese government had sued the few of the war criminals and sentenced to imprisonment for up to two decades and released them ahead of time.Reforming the Japanese war criminals by Chinese government, not only confessed them to the crime,but also maed them to be the backbone of the Sino-Japanese Peace and Friendship. The Japanese war criminals who had finished reform went back to Japan,and mosr of them devoted his life to the career of SinoJapanese Peace and Friendship. Reforming the Japanese war criminals by Chinese government wrote a brilliant sum in the history of the international reforming the war criminals. It has the great historical significance and the profound real influence.Defining and punishing the war criminals began after World War II.After World War II, Japan who launched the war, of course, has been trialed and punished. Japan invaded China up to 14 years and committed all sorts of crimes on the land of China. After the founding of New China,the Chinese government had a series of conditions for the reform of the war criminals. Due to defense of the national sovereignty and improve Sino-Japanese relations, the Chinese government decided to reform the Japanese war criminals.On July 1950,The Chinese government extradited the Japanese war criminals who had been brought back to Soviet Union after Japan surrendered,and held a formal ceremony with Soviet Union. The Chinese government imprisoned the Japanese war criminals who come from the Soviet Union in Fushun War Criminals Management Centre. The Chinese government developed a strict management system and guards to ensure that the Japanese war criminals without any condition while in custody.It has provided a guarantee for the reform smoothly.The Chinese government treated the war criminals in a humanitarian way,for example,providing the food of equivalent of high-ranking officials standard, and the clean and comfortable dormitory environment, the improving health care, the rich cultural and sports activities. During the custody,the war criminals had been well treated and were pleasure to accept reform.In the terms of measures,the Chinese government has taken the method in the principle of “combine the thought reform to the labor reform”. In the terms of thought reform, they focued on education against imperialism and war. the Chinese government used the Marxist materialist dialectics and Mao Zedong Thought to educate the war criminals and to help them establish a correct outlook on life and values.In the terms of labor reform, Fushun War Criminals Management Centre organized the war criminals to labor, including growing vegetables,poultry, firing bricks.The labor reform not only made a autarky for the war criminals, but also made them understand the significance of labor.The labor reform cultivated the habits of loving and respecting labor for the war criminals.In addition to the thought reform and the labor reform, the Chinese government has also launched a social education to the Japanese war criminals. The Chinese government organized them to visit the country and witness the brilliant achievements of New China.The social education led to a great repercussions in the war criminals,and played an important role in promoting the reform of the war criminals.Since 1954, the Chinese government formed a working group of interrogation to trial of the war criminals. During the interrogation,the war crimes confessed to the crime.Subsequently, the Chinese government set up a special military court and decided to trial the Japanese war criminals. Most of the Japanese war crimes with crime had been immunity from prosecution and released to return home. Only 45 Japanese war criminals was trialed and were sentenced to imprisonment in varying degrees.They gradually got early release. The Japanese war criminals who return to Japan form China fond an Association of Returnees from China and propagated Sino-Japanese Peace and Friendship all the life.Reforming the Japanese war criminals by Chinese government was success.That because it consistent with the law that “justice will ultimately prevail over injustice”.It also has a great relationship with the Chinese traditional culture "benevolence". At the same time, the dedication of the staff members is a key factor in the success of the reform war criminals. The successful experience of the reform the Japanese war criminals tells us: We must have to innovative spirit whenface the problems;an scientific decision-making needs to consider the long-term interests; carry forward the advantages of ideological and political education;have the spirit of dedication.The success of reform the Japanese war criminals by Chinese government has a special historical significance: It created a shock wonder in the world; it promoted the gradual easing of Sino-Japanese relations;it established a model for reform the war criminals internationally;it established a new image of China in the world.