A Study On The Governance Of County In China At The Present Stage

In the Feudal Times, governors has attached importance to county governance. From the funding of new China to the reform and opening up, for specially influenced by the traditional planned economic system and Soviet mode, China has reinforced the management of society. With the help of its influence on social life, the government has implemented the daily management of social affairs, its function has the tendency of totalitarianism, and the influence of the political rights highlighted further. While during this period, social governance in modern sense has not yet been completed, and it still need to further expand the space. After the reform and opening up, especially after the eighteenth national Congress of the CPC, the Third to Fifth Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, it becomes an urgent requirement of social development to realize the modernization of national management system and national management ability, to establish modernized national governance system on the basis of people’s democracy and rule by law, to perfect and improve the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In this perspective, the article put county governance at the height of modernization of national governance. From the aspects of status and role, theory and goal, problems and reasons, mode and revelation, path and practice that county governance have played, this article pay attention to its status and influence on country’s construction, and its promoting effect on the modernization of national governance, and thus brings out in-depth thinking and expectation. The five aspects constitute the framework and content of this article.The first chapter analyzes the status and function of Chinese county-level management from the perspective of history and reality. First of all, it discuss the historic evolution of Chinese county governance. As county governance in China has developed for more than two thousand years, that it is hard to reason deeply, so this article selects three typical historic period to analyze, which is Qin and Han dynasties, Tang and Song dynasties, Ming and Qing dynasties,so as to take a glimpse of some general rule. Secondly, the article focus on analysis of historical logic, practical exploration, and structural evolution of Chinese county governance on the condition of modernized national management. It looks for path to better develop Chinese county to adapt to the needs of modernized state governance. Finally, the paper expounds the importance of Chinese county governance in the process of governance modernization. County governance nearly covers all the objects and contents of the national governance, it’s the combining site of Chinese urban and rural society, the main battlefield in Chinese governance modernization, and the distributing center of power.The second chapter summarizes the theory and target of county governance from the perspective of value system. County governance needs a correct value system. Otherwise, it is likely to go astray. The ideological source of county governance include the governance concept of traditional Chinese culture, the social governance thought since the founding of new China, the governance experience of the western developed countries and the governance theory of classic Marxist writers. At the same time, Chinese county governance has its own unique personality which both connected to theory and reality, combined with depth and breadth, owns both formality and practicality. Therefore, when we set Chinese county governance goal, we must consider all these characteristics. On this, we form a modern governance objective which contains rich and prospers, reform and development, towns and villages.The third chapter analyzes the problems and reasons existing in current county governance from the perspective of practice and exploration. At present, the main problem shows on the areas of systems, social contradictions and governance capability. The existence of these problems embodied in the exercise of county governance power, the use of economic resources, the social life and others, which are profoundly affecting the county level governance structure and the development direction of China in the future. We shall give highly affirmation and evaluation to the innovation and development of the governance of Chinese county. While we must also realize profoundly, problems like ‘see the trees but not the forest’, ‘solve one problem only to find another cropping up’, ‘a blind man on a blind horse’ still remain. We should deeply analyze the reasons for these problems, strengthen the overall thinking and systematic planning of county governance.The fourth chapter mainly make comparative analysis to the representative local governance patterns of China. The local governance mode and practice in different parts of China means a lot for exploring the Chinese characteristic county governance. Based on this, we focus on the main methods, present situation and existing problems on social governance in Tongxiang, Shunde, Changsha, Linshui and Qiannan, in order to find empirical reference. At the same time, in China, County governance has been payed more and more attention by scholars and doers. The giant department reform of the local governments has also become the typical practice of local governance in recent years. It is in this kind of comparative analysis, we can learn advanced experience from different regions, different situation, different modes, and to improve local governance innovation.The fifth chapter focus on the path and practice of county governance at the present stage in China. To promote county level governance, we must concentrate on four aspects. Firstly, the foundation of county governance system, which should be done on concentrating on the effective power system, management system in accordance with law, democracy and service of people’s livelihood, in order to build modern management system and improve county level governance structure. Secondly, to improve the basic capability of county governance, which should be complete by mainly doing hard work on derivation and digestion, certification and management, absorption and integration. Thirdly, to improve county governance structure, emphatically be realized by strengthening and improving the leadership of the party, striving to play a role of the government leading, building the public participation mechanism, strengthening the society organization, so as to form a diversified county governance pattern. Fourthly, county governance need to deal with several relations, between the party and the government, the government and the market, government and society, town and country, and to form an local governance structure with order, cooperation and win-win situation.Overall, county governance is an important part of modern governance. Whatever boundaries or structures of social governance system changes, we will strive to achieve the modern transformation of its functional power and practical power, discard the old system which is not adapt to the modern management system and methods, and to realize the scientification, democratization and legalization of county governance. Through combing the relations of human, improving the power structure, enhancing the level of social governance,we implement scientific, effective and orderly integration of social economic and political resources. Only in this way, Chinese county governance is in the hope.